272 



MALACOZOA. TROPIOFODA. LAMELLIBEANCHIATA. 



Pectunculus echinatiis. Lister, Anira. Angl. 188. PL 5. f. 33. — 

 Cardium echinatum. Liiin. Syst. Nat. ii. 1122. — Cardiiim echina- 

 tum. Mont. Test. Brit. 78.--Cardium ecliinatum. Perm. Brit. 

 Zool. iv. 90. — Cardium echinatum. Turt. Brit. Biv. 183. — Cardium 

 ecliinatum. Flem. Brit. Anim. 421. — Cardium echinatum. Lamk. 

 Syst. Ti. 7 ; Ed. 2. vi. 396. — Cardium aculeatum. Linn. Svst. Nat. 

 ii.' 1122.— Cardium aculeatum. Turt. Brit. Biv. 180. PI. 13. f. 6, 7. 

 — Cardium aculeatum. Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 90. PL 50. f. 37. — 

 Cardium aculeatum. Flem. Brit. Anim. 420. — Cardium aculeatum. 

 Mont. Test. Brit. 77. — Cardium aculeatum. Lamk. Syst. vi. 7 ; 

 Ed. 2. 397. — Cardium ciliare. Linn. Syst. Nat. i. 1122. — Cardium 

 ciliare. Mont. Test. Brit. 79. — Cardium ciliare. Penn. Brit. Zool. 

 iv. 90. PL 50. f. 39.— Cardium ciliare. Lamk. Syst. vi. 6: Ed. 2. 

 vi. 394. 



2. Cardium ediile. Eatable Cockle. 



Shell cordate, obliquely roundish, or subtriangular, tumid ; 

 with the dorsal margin short, and either forming a slight angle 

 behind, or sloping ; the umbones very prominent and directly 

 incurved ; each valve with twenty-eight flattened ribs, marked 

 with numerous little elevated, transverse lamellae ; the inter- 

 stices between the ribs narrow; the colour whitish, or tinged 

 with red or brown ; the inside white, but frequently with a 

 brown or blackish patch toward the posterior margin of each 

 valve ; the margins serrato-plicate. Length an inch and three- 

 fourths, height an inch and a-half. 



It varies greatly : sometimes much elongated behind, some- 

 times roundish ; white, brownish, or reddish-white. Young 

 individuals whiter and more rounded. 



As an article of food this cockle is among the best of the 

 Malacozoa. It may be eaten raw, like the oyster, to which, 

 I think, it is much superior, when found in piu-e sand. 



Occurs plentifidly, and of large size, in the Estuary of the 

 Ythan. 



Pectunculus rotundus, albidus, vulgaris. Lister, Anim, Angl. 189. 

 PL 5. f. 34. — Cardium edule. Linn. Syst. Nat. i. 1124. — Cardium 

 edule. Mont. Test. Brit. 76. — Cardium edule. Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 

 91. PL 50. f. 41.— Cardium edule. Turt. Brit. Biv. 188.— Cardium 

 edule. Flem. Brit. Anim. 422. — Cardium edule. Lamk. Syst. vi. 

 12 ; Ed. 2. vi. 405.— Cardium rusticum. Lamk. Syst. vi. 12; Ed. 

 2. vi. 406. — Cardium crenulatum. Lamk. Syst. vi. 12; Ed. 2. vi. 

 407. 



3. Cardium fascidtum. Batided Cockle. 



Shell subcordate, nearly orbicular, convex ; with the dorsal 

 margin very short, and forming a slight angle ; the valves 



