SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT. 63 
M. pecilogastra, M. dimidiata, M. thoracis, and M. gratiosa are all fre- 
quenters of fungi, in which at least the last three breed. 
The four American species may be distinguished by the following key: 
1. Costal index little over 1.0; a black band from apex of costal cell to apex of anal 
(ETT A coe ate PUL EO ae cat A eT UN CR M. projectans 
Costal index at least: 1.3; no band-at base Of wings). 2../6. 86. h tees bade one 2 
hae SEITE SL UNS AT (2) EVES 6 pa 0 RE ee dU A a eR M. dimidiata 
SSO EMME MER A ENTEIEEA co fedee ae Le ee ERS Sy Minna ® OLAy srls ey Sleua wel aku Sete cua eo act es Rad a OE 3 
3. Abdomen mostly black, yellow marks only on fifth segment.............. M. pleuralis 
Abdomen black and yellow on each segment..............-.0. 2000s ee eee M. thoracis 
Mycodrosophila dimidiata Loew. 1862. Berl. ent. Zt., 6 (as Drosophila). 
Specimens examined: Franconia, New Hampshire (Mrs. Slosson) ; Woods 
Hole, Massachusetts; Alpine, Riverton (C. W. Johnson), Fort Lee, New 
Jersey; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (H. Kahl); District of Columbia; Plum- 
mer’s Island, Maryland (R. C. Shannon); North Carolina; Bloomington, 
Indiana (F. Payne); Flat Rock (F. N. Duncan), type locality (Loew 
material), Illinois; Georgia; Kushla, Alabama. 
M. pleuralis Williston. 1896. Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 411 (as Drosophila). 
Not seen. Described from St. Vincent, West Indies. 
M. thoracis Williston. 1896. Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 411 (as Drosophila). 
Specimens examined: Isle of Pines (bred from fungi, C. W. Metz). 
Described from St. Vincent, West Indies. 
M. projectans Sturtevant. 1916. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 9, 342 (as Drosophila). 
Specimens examined: San Francisco Mountains, Haiti (A. Busck); 
Montserrat, Trinidad, West Indies (A. Busck). 
Scaptomyza Hardy. 1849. Proc. Berwickshire Nat. Club, 349. 
Very close to Drosophila, but differs in the following respects: two or four acrostichal 
rows of hairs in front of the transverse suture (six or more in Dresophila), two rows between 
the dorsocentral bristles (four or more in Drosophila); occiput more convex than in Droso- 
phila; thorax, abdomen, and wings more slender; prescutellars never present. 
The larve are usually leaf-miners, but this is not invariably the case. 
I have bred both S. adusta Loew and S. graminum Fallén on tomato fruit, 
on potato tubers, and on banana agar, though these species are both ordi- 
narily leaf-miners. Malloch has bred S. adusta from mulberry sap. 
This genus was based on the two European species Drosophila graminum 
Fallén and D. flaveola Meigen. D. graminum was designated as the type 
by Coquillett (1910, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 37, 603). The following species 
may be taken as valid members of the group: 
Palxarctic: Scaptomyza amena Meigen; S. flava Fallén; S. flaveola Meigen; S. gracilis 
Walker; S. graminum Fallén; S. griseola Zetterstedt; S. incana Meigen; S. 
rufipes Meigen; S. tetrasticha Becker; S. unipunctum Zetterstedt (Czerny. 
1903, Wien. ent. Zeit., 22). 
Nearctic: S. adusta Loew; S. graminum Fallén; S. terminalis Loew. 
Neotropical: S. vittata Coquillett. 
Oriental: S. bimaculata de Meijere; S. substrigosa de Meijere. 
These may be summarized thus: 
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