SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT. 107 
Echidnocephalus Lamb. 1914. Trans. Linn. Soc., 16, 351. This genus was described as 
being near Liomyza, and is accordingly to be referred to the Asteinz. 
Hypselothyrea de Meijere. 1906. Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung., 4, 193. This genus is to be 
referred to the Asteine. 
Liomyza Meigen. 1838. Syst. Beschr., 7, 394. I am not familiar with this genus, but 
it appears to fit best in the Asteine. It is surely not a drosophiline, as that group 
is here defined. 
Microperiscelis Oldenberg. 1914. Arch. Naturgesch., 80, A, 2. Near Periscelis, and 
therefore probably to be placed in the Agromyzine. 
Monocera van der Wulp. 1898. Termes. Fuzetek., 21, 425. De Meijere (1914, Tijd. 
Ent., 57, 238) refers this genus to the Lauxaniine. 
Paratissa Coquillett. 1900. Canad. Ent., 32, 36. This genus evidently belongs in the 
Ephydrinz, where it is now usually placed. 
Periscelis Loew. 1858. Berlin. ent. Zeit., 113, 2. Oldenberg has pointed out that this 
genus is scarcely to be considered as a Drosophiline. American specimens that I 
have examined seem to me to fit best in the Agromyzine. 
Sigalessa Loew. 1865. Berl. ent. Zeit., 120. Close to Asteia, and therefore to be placed 
in the Asteine. 
Stenomicra Coquillett. 1900. Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 22, 262. The type seems to me 
to be a geomyzine, close to Mumetopia. 
Uranucha Czerny. 1903. Wien. ent. Zeit., 22. Described as being near Liomyza. 
Is to be considered an asteine. 
XI. GEOLOGICAL HISTORY. 
According to Handlirsch (1906-1908), Diptera first appear in the 
Liassic; Cyclorrhapha not until the Lower Oligocene. In the latter 
period the Muscide acalyptrate are already numerous, and are repre- 
sented by nine subfamilies, all with species described as belonging to 
existing genera. The Lauxaniine, Ephydrine, Chloropine, and 
Drosophiline are among these subfamilies. The drosophiline, which 
is the only fossil member of the group known to me from the literature, 
is a form from Baltic amber recorded by Loew (1850) as ‘‘ Drosophila 
sp.’ Loew did not describe the species, and it is to be noted that later 
(Loew, 1864) he referred to the subfamily as one ‘‘whose existence in 
amber is tolerably well established,’ as distinguished from others 
“now known certainly to occur in amber.”’ 
