302 



i5Krrisn ichniu^mons. 



/'tiiiisi us 



J ^ 



£ 



1 Larva. 



3, 4 



Mouth organs. 

 Pupa. 



opiujLiL' i^rauulcs bring observable siibciitar.couslv. 'I'lierc arc tliirtccii 

 segments of which the first or head lias the outlines (jf the mouth-organs 

 (see fig.) brick-red, together with an impressed lateral streak reacliing 



nearly to the base of the segment on eillicr 

 side (these oblique streaks, which 1 failed 

 to detect in larvae not fully fed, appear to 

 represent eyes); these are the only larval 

 markings. I'he segments are somewhat 

 arcuate dorsally and progress is effected b}' 

 wriggling, the mouth probably being em- 

 ployed as a fulcrum. One wriggled i)erpet- 

 ually for an hour. The anus is constantly 

 a little dellexed and the insect appears in- 

 capable of lying fiat upon its ventral surface. 

 I watched one larva spinning its cocoon 

 with its mouth. 



The ])upa (see fig.) has little power of 

 motion, being capable only of a restricted 

 transverse or circular movement of the ab- 

 domen. Dorsally it is fulvous, with the 

 occiput and a longitudinal dot at ba.se of 

 hind tegulae black ; the sides of the abdo- 

 men are basally flavous ; the eighth seg- 

 ment bears a most peculiar proleg dorsally 

 in its centre. Ventrally it has the thorax, 

 (external orbits and legs, except tarsi, fulvous ; the tarsi, frons, face, 

 clypeus and abdomen, flavous ; eyes, wings and antennae infuscati', 

 with base of wings flavous, of antennae fulvous ; tlie onychii and mandi- 

 bular apex are infuscatc. The legs are folded back upon their femora, 

 the petiole i)artly upon the petiolar area ; the head is dellexed with an- 

 tennae, which extend very slightly beyond anus, and all the palpi stretched 

 straight out. 



On September 15th, 1901, Wigin sent another cocoon of this host, 

 which though complete was not normally stout; the black /'(^//mv'-cocoons 

 entirely occupied its interior, except one end where were pushed the 

 host's skin and corneous head— one female parasite in attempting an 

 exit at that end had subsequently died in statu quo — and the five cocoons 

 were woven upon each other so closely as to be difficult of extrication. 

 Two other larvae had died, one of mould and the other was still soft and 

 black, when received. A single pair only emerged on 5th and 22nd June 

 following. That they do not always emerge the next season, however, is 

 proved by three living and healthy Paniscus larvae (together with one 

 dead and soft larva, a dead and mouldy larva, and a dead nymph) on the 

 i8th December, 1902, in a cocoon of the same host, received from Mcth- 

 ley on 14th October, iqoi. 



It is verv coiiniiun in IJrilaiii, though rarcl\- taken in the field; in 190S 

 Dr. S. B. Stcdman sent me both sexes frt)m the same sort of cocoon, with 

 a single female Pimpla iiis/iga/o?; saving "These two species apparently 

 nearly exterminated /). Tiiiii/a round here — Alarkc^t Rasen in Lines. — in 

 1907. In that autunni all the pupae I found contained them, and all the 

 larvae I obtained that season also." There are records from this host by 

 Eedle, Bridgman (Entom. 1880, p. 68), Wilson {I.e. 1881, p. 139), Sotheby 

 {/.c. 188^, p. 65), Holmgren originall}' bred it therefrom in Sweden; and 



