268 BRITISH IGHNEUMONS. [ Crenopelmint 

SUB-TRIBE 
CTENOPELMINI.* 
This is a purely artificial division of the Tryphonides, into which has 
been thrust all those species with pectinate claws, a feature by which they 
may at once be known; but one that is by no means conspicuous, since 
in the majority of the groups here placed they combine the feature of 
peculiarly small claws, with the result that a microscope is at first 
necessary to determine their pectination among the smaller species. 
There is, however, great homology in the individual genera by means of 
which specimens are soon assigned without hesitation. Ashmead is, I 
believe, responsible for massing genera with pectinate claws into a sub- 
tribe ; and, unfortunately, | was working with his ‘Classification ” in our 
main divisions until it was almost impossible, without great labour and 
loss of more time than I could expend, to relegate each Ctenopelmid 
genus to its far more natural location among the Tryphonini and Meso- 
leptini. ‘Thomson is by far the most scientific _Ichneumonologist but he 
had the unhappy knack of presupposing everyone as enlightened as him- 
self, with the result that his somewhat scattered system is by no means 
easy to work with until earlier authors become to some extent familiarised 
in one’s mind. Thomson would never have thought—nor did the 
excellent Holmgren think—of erecting a rule of thumb, by accumulating 
into a group genera in every other way heterogeneous upon the single 
feature of pectinate claws. 



*PHRUDUS, Bridgman. 
Bridg. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1886, p. 361 (nec Forst.). 
Head subcubical, discally subquadrate with ocelli oblong. Clypeus apically rounded and basally 
discreted. Antennae filiform and hardly half length of body, with the flagellar joints distinctly dis- 
creted. Thorax stout and gibbulous, with notauli and sternauli wanting; metathorax much shorter 
than high with complete areae and minute, circular spiracles. Scutellum hardly elevated. Abdomen 
petiolate, ovate and glabrous; basal segment sublinear and nearly parallel-sided, curved, thrice 
longer than apically broad, with central spiracles; second to seventh segments transverse and 
terebra a little shorter than half basal segment. Legs normal, not elongate with the front femora 
stout and tarsal claws pectinate. Areolet entire and pentagonal, stigma broad; discoidal cell sub- 
rectangular below and much longer than the brachial; cubital nervure of lower wings elongately 
pellucid basally. 
Referring to this genus, Bridgman writes ‘‘ In general appearance it is not unlike a small Phyga- 
deuon, but the pectinated claws and the antennae clearly take it from this genus; the pectination of 
the claws is like that of the genus Pantscus, whilst the antennae are like those of Thersilochus, and, 
viewed sideways, it resembles the latter, but the shape of the head, form of the areolet, as well as 
the arrangement of the metathoracic costae, will prevent its being placed in this genus. Thomson 
thinks its proper place isin the Tryphonidae, and should come under his Cfenopelmidae ; I am 
indebted to him for the suggested names;’’ the latter compares it with Grypocentrus and here 
appears lacking in his usual acumen, for there can be no shadow of doubt that the true position of the 
genus isin the Sti/pnides, from which we must not allow the gibbous and not declived throughout 
metathorax and the apically entire areola to separate it, for the structure of vertex, antennae, abdo- 
men, legs except their onychii, and the shape of thorax are exactly asin Stilpnus gagates, next before 
which genus Phrudus should stand in our List. 
I. monilicornis, Bridg. 
Phrudus monilicornis, Bridg. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1886, p. 361; Thoms. O.E. xii. 1258, ¢?. 
A black and strongly nitidulous species, with only the legs and scape rufescent. Head shining 
and smooth; antennae not longer than head and thorax ; flagellum with sixteen moniliform joints; 
scape ferrugineous. Thorax glabrous with no notauli; metanotum with five complete areae, of 
which the areola is triangular in 9, hexagonal in ¢, and apically entire; petiolar area hexagonal. 
Basal segment linear and hardly explanate apically, nearly four times longer than broad, discally 
sulcate with obsolete spiracles; terebra exserted, about a third shorter than basal segment. Legs 
somewhat pale red with coxae black and the claws, rarely also all the femora, nigrescent. Wings 
ample; stigma and tegulae piceous; areolet subpentagonal, emitting recurrent nervure from its 
centre; nervellus not intercepted. Length, 3—44 mm. : k ; 
The type was taken by Dr. Capron at Shere in Surrey and is now in my collection with a dozen 
other examples from the same source; Thomson subsequently found it near Helsingborg in southern 
Sweden. I also possess one g, taken by Marshall at Lastingham in Yorks, and named by him 
Polyrhembia tenebvicosa, (Grav.) Forst. = ? Atractodes vestalis, Hal. (for remarks upon my queried 
synonymy of whichat Ichn. Brit. ii. 246, cf. Roman, Nat. Unt. Sarek. 1909, p. 222). Marshall also found 
it at Nunton, Botusfleming, Cornworthy and Bugbrooke. 
