AN AUSTRALIAN feIRD BOOK. 13 



F. 4. CASUAR11DAE (1), CASSOWARY, 17 sp. A. 

 P. 5. Apterygidae, Apteryx, Kiwi, 6 sp. A. (N.Z.). 

 F. 6. Tinamidae, Tinamous, 69 sp. Nl. 



Sub-Class II.— Neognathae. 



Carinatae, minus Tinamidae. 

 ORDER II. — GALLTFORMES. 



F. 7. MEGAPODIIDAE (4), Mound-Builders, Scrub-Fowl, 

 Brush Turkey, Megapode, 28 sp.— 27(25) A., 

 3(1)0. 



1 2*Mallee-Fowl, Lowan, Native Pheasant, Pheasant (e), 



1 Leipoa ocellata, N.S.W., V., S.A., W.A. 



Stat. r. mallee scrubs 24 

 Like a small turkey; neck light fawn-gray; back, wings 

 spotted white, black, brown; f., smaller. Seeds, ants. 



F. 8. Cracidae, Curassows, Guans, 59 sp. — l(0)Nc, 59(58)N1. 



F. 9. Tetraonidae, Grouse, Capercailly, Ptarmigan, Prairie- 

 Fowl, 45 sp.— 1(0)0., 19 (16) P., 28(26)Nc. 



F. 10. PHASIANIDAE (6), Pheasants, Partridges, Peafowl, 

 Domestic Fowls, 242 sp.— 12(10) A., 137(119)0., 

 47(31)P., 64(58)E. 



1 3*Stubble Quail (Pectoral), Coturnix pectoralis, A., T. =vt. 



6 Eur. Quail. Nom. c. stubble, grass 6.7 

 Brown lined white, black; throat dull reddish; breast 



streaked black; f., less distinctly marked with black. 

 Weed-seeds, insects. Rises with a burr-r-r. 

 3 4*Brown Quail (Swamp, Partridge), Synoicus australis, 



7 N.G., A., T. =vt. Eur. Partridge. Nom. c. grassy flats 6.5 

 Upper finely-barred gray, black, chestnut; under buffy-gray 



with zigzag black bars; bill blue, tipped black; eyes 

 orange; f., sim. Seeds, insects. "Bee'e quick." 

 5 Tasmanian Quail (Silver, Greater-Brown), 8. diemenensis, 



V., T. Like 4, but larger. Nom. r. oec. thick grass 8.5 



the sake of gain. Even collectors, who, under the guise of 

 scientific work, collect eggs, and kill birds to trade in their skins, 

 should be supervized. 



Let us now consider the different groups of birds. Living 

 birds were formerly divided into two sub-classes — (1) Ratitae 

 (Lat., ratis, a raft), and (2) Carinatae (Lat., carina, a keel). 

 The first is the small group of flightless, running birds, made up 

 of five living birds, all inhabiting southern lands. These are 

 the Emu and Cassowary of Australia, the Ostrich of South Africa, 

 the Rhea or South American Ostrich, and the Kiwi or Apteryx of 

 New Zealand. Taken together with other evidence, all pointing 

 in the same way, these birds have led scientists to think of a 

 great southern land mass connecting the southern lands, for the 

 Emu did not fly here, nor did the Rhea fly to South America, but 

 they must have reached their present home by a land-bridge not 

 necessarily complete at any one time. As these birds do not fly, 

 they have no big wing-muscles, and so do not need the ridge 



