ON SOME LEPIDOPTERA FROM WEST OF HUDSON'S BAY. 133 



CoLiAs (Petidne) var. Christina, AV. II. Etlwils. 01' iliis :i huge miniber of examples, J' ?, were received, mostly of extracjrdi- 

 nary ureal sl/.e, tlie largest ((j') being 2;; inelies in exjianse, and tl.e smallest ( J>; IJ inches, the average size is 2 inches. That of the 

 typical N. Labrador Pelidne is ab(]Ut M, inches. In shade of colour the majority of e.xamples are same as the X. Labrador ones, the 

 1^ lemon yellow, the 9 greenish white; but several of the males which weie taken near Lake Athabasca have the upper surface'suf- 

 fused more or less with orange similar to those mentioned and figured in W. IT. Edwards' I'.utt. N. Am., the originals of wliieh I have 

 also seen ; with the exception of this orange suflusion they difier not a particle from the citron coloured ones. About one-fourth of the 

 females are lemon coloured ; these yellow females sliow no traces of the blackish margin on upper surface of wings; this form is figured 

 also in Kdwanis' work. On the under surface the various examples exhibit every degree of depth in the greenish colour of hind wings, 

 some being ipiite pale yellowish green, others as dark as the darkest of the K. Labrador examples; one male has the row of submar- 

 ginal points and two females have the little reddish brown mark on costa. Mr. \V. H. Edwards in describing Ckrislina mentions that 

 " in three specimens out of four there were no traces of the submarginal points." His males were all of the orange variety ; the greater 

 number of tho.se received by me were of the yellow form ; Mr. Edwards' examples were from Slave River, farther west than mine ; he 

 liad obtained tlience however no white female or lemon coloured male. All my nuiles from near Hudson's Bay were yellow, most of 

 the females white; those that I received from further west (for they were obtained in various localities frotn "Hudson's Bay to near 

 Lake Athaba.sea) had both white and yellow females and orange as"well as yellow males; I know of only one orange male ever having 

 been taken in N. Labraihjr, which examjile was received from there by Mr. Moschler and by him described in Wien. Ent. Mon. IV, p. 

 S'yl, (lSi;Ol. No yellow female I believe has yet been found in N. Labrador, but on the southern border along the St. Lawrence Kiver 

 and in Canada and along the shores of Lake Superior the females are always yellow. This more southern form is about the same .size 

 as those from more northern i^abrador. 



From all these facts I would deduce the conclusion that the further west we trace this species the more will we find the orange 

 colour to prevail in the males and the yellow in the females, and that the white females, if they occur at all in South Labrador or west 

 of Lake Athabasca, will be the rare exception. Remarkable as is the diflerence in colour in the various examples, it is only a matter 

 of usual occurrence with the Coliades, for a more difficult group to define or in which to designate the limits of a species is" not to be 

 found, and a far more wonderful instance of difierence in colour of males is found in C. Libanolica and C. Sagartia, both forms of the 

 same insect, in which the male (.f the iirst is red and that of the second greenish blue. I am also informed that intermediate forms 

 between the two occur in which the red and blue colours are intermixed. Mr. Edwards has figured a male example of Philodice that 

 is orange, I al.so possess a (^ of the .same colour. C. Helichta is also an orange form of C. Erate (or perhaps as has been suggested 

 is a hybrid between Erate and Eclnm) Of one tiling I am most certain, that the Americans have made far too manv species by giving 

 to each local variation a diflerent appellation and with a view to trying to do something towards solving the riddle I have given as 

 much attention as possible to this beautiful and most interesting genus, having with a few excejilions obtained all the known species 

 and varieties. Whilst writing the above I have before me twenty-seven J' ? Pelidne from N. W. Labrador, fortv from British Col- 

 umbia from a region extending from Hud.son's Bay to Lake Athabasca, five from South Labrador on the Giilf of St. Lawrence, 

 and seven from Colorado. I have examined the types of Christina, Labradorensis, SciidderU, Interior and Laurenlina, and can only come 

 to the conclusion that they are but three forms of one species of which I here give a short diagnosis: 

 CoLiAS Pelidne. Bdl., Icones, 1. 8, (1S32); Sp. Gen., I, p, 644, (183G); Dnp., Suppl., I, t. 15, (1832); Bdl.-Lec., Lep. Am. Sept., 



p. (iCi, t. 21, (1833) ; Herr.-Sch., Schmett. Eur., t. 7, f. 35, 36, t. 8, f. 43, 44, (1843) ; Freyer, Neue. Beit., VI, t. .511, (1831-1858) ; 



Men., Cat. Mus. Petr. Lep., I, p. 84, (1855); Mo.scJi., Wien. Monat., IV, p. 349, (1860); Morris, Svn., p. 30, (1862); Kirbv, 



Cat., p. 493, (1871 ) ; W. H. Edwds., Butt. N. Am., II, t. I. Col., (1874). ■ . • t - ^ 



Col. Anihyale, Sigr., Cat., p. 5, (1871). 

 Col. Lnbradorensis,_ Scud., Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., p. 107, (1862) ; Kirby, Cat., p. 493, (1871). 



This IS the typical N. W. Labrador form of small size and with ? always white, and the g' yellow, with the single orange 

 coloured exception previously alluded to. 



Col. Scudderii, Peak., Proc. Ent. Soc, Phil., IV, p. 217, (1865) ; Kirby, Cat,, p. 496, (1871) ; W. H. Edwds., Butt. N. Am., I, t. 



VIII, Col., (1872) ; Mead, Wheeler's Rep., V. p. 749, (1875). 



Occurs in Colorado but difl'ers in nothing of any importance from the Labrador exainiiles, except that the $ is occasionally, 

 though not often, yellow like the c?. 



var. a. Interior, Scud., Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., IX, p. 108, (1862) ; Kirbv, Cat., p. 493, (1871). 

 Col. Pelidne var., Streck., Lep., Rhop.-Het., p, 69, (1873). 

 Col. Philodiee var. Laurentina, Scud., Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., p. 4, (Oct., 1875). 



A form found in S. Labrador and in the Lake Superior region, in which the $ is in the majority of instances yellow like the 

 (g ; this bears the same relation to the N. Labrador form as does the C. Werdandi, H-S. (nee Zett), to the typical G Palaeno. 

 var. b. Chri.stina, W. H. Edwds., Proc. Ent. Soc, Phil., II, p. 79, (1863) ; Butt N. Am., I, t. II, Col., (1868). 



This is the form of great size found west of Hudson's Bay in which the male is sometimes orange and sometimes yellow, and the 

 females both yellow and white. 



Coi.iAs Pal.eno, L. About twenty-five examples taken, of which seventeen, 9 (^, 8?, are before me. They are all of smaller 

 size than the average of those occurring in Europe, the smallest (j^) expanding U inches and the largest (?) a trifle over 1| inches; 

 otherwise the males difler only in the yellow colour which is a little less intense : 'the females also agree with the trans-Atlantic exam- 

 ples; tw-o are the yellow form known as Werdandi, H-S., all the others are white; the black marginal bands in both sexes present the 

 same differences of width and outline found in their European congeners, some of the females having this band immaculate and in 

 others enclosing spots of the white or yellow groui.d colour. 



W. H. Edwards has figured both sexes of this species in his Butt. N. Am. under the name of C. Helena, which he subsequently 

 changed to Chippewa. So close is his female figure to one of the examples before me that it seems almost as if the latter had served as 

 the original of it. I here append the svnonvmv of this species: 



PAL.ENO, Linn., (Pop. P.), Faun. Suec, p. 272, ( 1761 ) ; Svst. Nat.. I, 2, p. 764, (1767) ; Fabr., Syst. Ent, p. 476, (1775) ; Ent. Syst., 

 Ill, p. 20,, (1793) ; Ochs,, Schmett., I, 2, 184, (1808) ; (Colias P.) Godt-, Enc Meth., IX, p. 101, (1819) ; Bdl., Sp. Gen., I, p. 

 645, (183(1) ; Stgr., Cat., p. 5, (1871) ; Kirbv, Cat., p. 493, (1871). 

 Pap. Europomene, Esp., Schmett., I, t. 42, (1778) ; Hub., Eur. Schmett., 434, 435, (1793-1827). 

 Pap. PInlomene, Bub., I. c, 602, 603, 740, 741 ; (Col. P.) Dup. Lep., Suppl., I, t. 47, (1832). 

 Col. Patmno var. Lapponica, Slgr., Cat., p. 5, (1871). 



Col. Werdandi, H.-S.., Schmett. Eur., f. 403, 404, 9, (1848). Yellow 9 form. 



Col. Helena, W. H. Edwds., Proc. Ent. Soc, Phila., II, p. 80, (1863) ; Butt. N. Am., I, t. I, Col., (1868). 

 Col. Chippewa, W. H. Edwds., 1. c, last page Vol. I ; Kirby, Cat., p. 495, (1871). 



Argynnis Charici.ea, Schn. 

 Frema, Thnb. 



(Aphirape), var. Triclaris, Hub. 

 (Frigga), var. Saga, Kaden. 



