138 PSEUDOHAZIS HERA. 



* PLATE XV, FIG. 8, PSEUD. EGLANTERINA, Bdl. c^, California. 



FIG. 9, PSEUD. EGLANTERINA. J' aberration, California. 



FIG. 10, PSEUD. HERA, Harris, (Pica, Wlk.) c?, Utah. 



FIG, 11, PSEUD. HERA, vellow var. r?, Colorado. 



FIG. VI, PSEUD. HEEA. ' g' black aberration, "Rocky Mts." 



FIG. 13, PSEUD. NUTTALLI, Streck. (g Rocky Uxe., head of Snake River. 



FIG. 14, PSEUD. NUTTALLI, ? Rocky Mts., head of Snake River. 



The 9 of P. Hera, the earliest described of the above forms, was figured by Andubon on plate 3-59 in Vol. IV of his great work 

 on the Birds of N. Am. and on plate 53, Vol. I, of his later smaller edition, but no name or word regarding the insect appeared in the 

 text. Dr. Harris afterwards described and named the species from the example that had furnished Audubon with tlie original of his 

 figure, which was in the pos.session of Mr. Ed. Doubleday of Epi)ing, Eng. This, as well as other examples, were taken by the ornith- 

 ologist Nuttall in the Rocky Mts. in 183G. Audubon's figure is apparently a female to judge from tiie antennfe, though Harris describes 

 it as a male, and states that the other figure "is probably the female of the preceding, apparently difi'ers from it only in being of a deep 

 Indian-yellow colour and in having the crescent in the middle of the kidney shaped spots very distinct, whereas in the male it is almost 

 obsolete." This latter figure however is more likely the female of one of the other forms, £glanterina or Nutlalli probably, as I have 

 seen and examined a number of P. Hera from Utah in which the females as well as the males have the wings either quite white or else 

 white with a very faint yellowish tint or cast. This white form appears to be indigenous to the salt regions of Utah and nowhere else. 

 I have only figured the male, but if those of my readers, who have not easy access to Audubon's work, will glance at my figure (14) of 

 P. NiMalli, 9 , and imagine the ground colour of all wings white and the abdomen ringed with black they will have a very correct idea 

 of the female of the form or var. Hera, Harr. 



Both sexes of tlie Colorado variety of P. Hera have all the wings yellow, the primaries not however as deep in colour as the 

 secondaries and liody ; the male and female present scarcely any diflerence in the markings or outline of wings. Fig. 11 on plale XV 

 represents the (<" of this form ; fig. 12 on same jilate depicts a melanotic aberration of P. Hera, the original of which, taken by Mr. Nut- 

 tall in the " Kocky Mts." in 18.36, is now in the coll. of Mr. Titian R. Peale, to whose goodness I am indebted for the ]irivilege of 

 figuring it, as well as Nos. 13, 14, which illustrate both sexes of P. Nuttalli described on page 107 of this work. At the time I designated 

 this latter as a distinct species I considered the lotal ab.sence of the black bands on the abdomen as entitling it to have some claims as 

 such, but lately having examined a number of both sexes of an intermediate form received by Mr. Neumoegen from Arizona I am con- 

 vinced that P." A%(to//r is but an extreme variation after all. Both sexes of these Arizona examples just alluded to (which came into 

 my hands too late to introduce on plate XV i resemble closely in outline of wing, color and markings, P. Nullalli $ (fig. 14, plate XV) 

 with the exce|ition that the alidonien over half the length from the thorax is banded with black, the two bands nearest the Ihorax being 

 broadest and thence out becoming narrower until but few traces are noticeable on the terminal segments; the black marks on wings are 

 but very little heavier in the male than in the female. This form I would propose to designate as variety Arizonensis ; it seems to be 

 intermediate between the Colorado form of P. Hera (fig. 11) and P. Nutlalli. 



The best known and by far the commonest is the Californian form Eglanterina in which the ujiper surface of primaries is more 

 or less suffused with pinkish ; it is very variable in the black markings; in some instances being almost as heavily blacked as the 

 variety of P. Hera (fig. 12), in others it is scarcely more so than in P. Nuttalli $ (tig- 14) ; nor is this diminution of the black confined 

 to the females only as I have males with as little black on as any female I have yet seen, and even less. An extreme case in point is 

 the male ahberration (fig. 9) in which the black marks are almost totally obliterated on both surfaces. I have three of this type, all 

 fine unblemished examples, but in neither of the remaining two are the dark bands and spots so completely obscured as in the one 

 figured. The Californian examples are not even constant in outline of wing, some being rjarrow winged like form Hera, others broad 

 as in fig. S, pi. XV ; in fact this is fairly demonstrated by comparing the outline of fig. 8 with that of ils aberration fig. 9, which pre- 

 sents an entirely different shape of wing. Though the upper surface of primaries is more generally flesh coloured or pinkish, this is 

 not always the case, as I have seen and possess examples of both sexes in which the primaries are the same yellow colour as the second- 

 aries, and others in which part are yellow and part flesh coloured ; in foct the number of variations and sub-variations ol this and the 

 other forms is truly wonderful; I could easily have filled a plate with them had it been worth the while, bin I trust 1 have figured 

 enough to illustrate the fact that all are but forms, or sports, or variations of one species. 



The two examples in my collection taken by Nuttall in 183(5 in the "Rocky Mts." are the ordinary form of Eglanterina; in the 

 same expedition Nuttall also took the three insects figs. 12, 13 and 14 on plate XV, as well as the originals of Audubon's tigure.s, one of 

 which furnished the type for Harris' Hera. 



HYPERCHIRIA VARIA. Walker. 

 . Cat. Lep. B. M. VI, p. 1278, (18.5.5). 



(PLATE XV, FIG. 15 g aberr., 16 Hermaphrodite.) 



This common but none the less beautiful species is subject to many and most startling variations, two of which I have figured on 

 plate XV, of which, as well as of several others, I will proceed to make further note. Fig. 15, a r?, has on upper surface all tlie usual 

 brownish marks of primaries, and the red abdominal margin and submarginal line of secondaries rejilaced by white or very pale yel- 

 lowish. Beneath the primaries are yellow with no other colour or mark save a black discal spot piipilled with white; the .secondaries 

 are yellow from where the transverse line usually is to outer margin, interior to this yellow part the wing is yellowish white. Two 

 examples of this aberrant were raised from a large brood, the remaining members of which were all of the ordinary form. 



Fig. 16 represents one of those incomprehensible freaks, a partial hermaphrodite. The left antennae is male, the right one fe- 

 male ; the thorax above is yellow like the male, with several isolated patches of the reddish female colour ; beneath the thorax in front 

 is red, rest yellow ; legs reddish ; abdomen above and below yellow and to all appearance is that of a male. The left primary is male 

 except a small patch on interior margin, not for from the inner angle, and a not broad mark extending along inner margin from the 

 aforesaid patch inwards to the transverse sub-ba.sal line ; the right hand primary is female excepting the parts along inner margin 

 which on the left wing are female are here male, also at the inner angle is an irregular triangular patch of the yellow male colour. 

 Secondaries on upper surface are both alike and appear to be, from the produced abdominal angle, male. Under surface all wings yel- 

 low and in all other respects like the normal males with the single exception that the costa of the right hand secondary is bordered its 



* On this accompanying plate (XV) figs. S and 9 are marked by mi.stake as Hera instead of Eglanterina, and figs. 10, 11 and 12 

 as Pica instead oi Hera, so "that they should read at bottom of plate correctly thus: 8, Pseudohazis Eglanterina, Bdl., j^f' ; 9, P. Eglan- 

 terina, (j' aberr. ; 10, P. Hera, Harris, J^ ; 11, P. Hera, (g var. ; 12, P. Hera, g aberr. 



