TO INDIAN CARCINOLOGY. 403 



projections of any kind. On the most elevated part of the carapace, i. e. the post-gastric 

 area, arc four prominent granulated swellings or tuhercles, the two anterior placed 

 directly in front of the two posterior, which are slightly smaller. On the cardiac area 

 there is a single median swelling, which is smaller than those in front of it. On the 

 intestinal region are two slightly marked median elevations, and a similar slight 

 elevation is seen on either side of the short posterior margin of the carapace. The front 

 is narrow, and there is a deep concavity between the two rather prominent inner orbital 

 angles. The whole under surface of the body, including the abdomen and external 

 maxillipcdes, is covered with flattened tubercles. 



In the male the chelipedes are moderately long ; they have been lost in the female 

 specimen. The arm is subcylindrical, and covered on all sides with flattened tubercles ; 

 the carpus and hand are finely granulated. The fingers are about one and a half times 

 the length of the palm (measured along the lower margin) ; they are compressed and 

 carry finely granulated carina} on both surfaces. The ambulatory legs at first sight 

 appear smooth in both sexes, but examination with a lens shows that they are minutely 

 granulated. The male abdomen gradually tapers to its apex, and has a prominent 

 recurved granular tooth on the penultimate segment ; in the same position on the female 

 abdomen there is a rounded swelling;. 



The Muttuwartu example has the carapace IS mm. long and 19 mm. wide. The 

 Martaban example is 10 mm. long and 10-2 mm. wide; the right chelipede is 14 mm. 

 long, and the hand 8 mm. 



The flat-topped tubercles which characterize this species probably give it a protective 

 resemblance to a piece of eroded coral. Its general appearance is very different from 

 that of any species known to me, but it apparently comes nearest to U. erosa, A. Milne- 

 Edw., from the Pacific, and E. fragifera, INIiers, from the Canaries. The fingers are 

 longer and more slender than is usual in the genus ; in this respect they bear a slight 

 resemblance to those oi Arcaiila. 



Genus Arcaxia, Leach. 



187. AncAXiA SEPTEMSPINOSA (Fabr.). 



Iphin septemspinosa (Herbst), Bell, Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxi. p. 311 (1855) ; nee Arcania septem- 

 spinosa, Bell. 



Gulf of Martaban {Oa/es) ; Madras (./. 7.'. JL). 



One of the ]Martaban specimens belongs to what is at least a distinct variety, but as 

 it appears to be young it need not be specially characterized. It differs from a specimen 

 of the typical form at the same stage of growtli in having a well-defined sulcus on the 

 carapace, separating the branchial regions from each side of the intestinal, cardiac, and 

 post-gastric areas, and a slight transverse sulcus between the cardiac and intestinal 

 regions. The front is narrower and more prominent than in the typical form. The 

 spines at the postero-lateral margin of the carapace are represented merely by rudiments, 

 while the chelipedes and legs are more slender than usual, especially the fingers. Tlie 

 male abdomen tapers gradually to its apex. There are specimens of this variety in the 



