578 



INDEX. 



Order parasites — continued. page 



Eiciuus ......... 181 



Order Ajjlianiptera . . . . . . . .182 



Fleas 182 



Chigoe 183 



Apterous insects . . . . . . .183 



Winged insects . . ' 183 



CHAPTEK XII. 



Arachnida, long confounded -with the insects 



Distinguished by very conspicuous characters 



Three principal divisions of arachnidans 



Mites .... 



Scorpions recognisable by the peculiarity of their ex 



teiT^al configuration 

 Spiders, how distinguished . 

 The implacable foes of insects 

 The etfects of their poison instantaneous 

 Various purposes to ^Yhich the threads of sj^iders are 



converted 

 Mouse-spiders 

 Bird-spiders 

 Mason-spiders . 

 Their subterranean caverns . 

 Sedentary arachnidans 

 Lurk near their snares 

 Eectigrades 

 Tube-weavers 

 Web of garden spider . 

 Spiders in Rio Janeiro 

 Spiders with nets in community 

 Tent-making spider . 

 Spider living in a shell 

 Spiders (properly so-called) . 

 AVater-spider, her diving-bell 

 Thread-spinners, care of their eggs 

 Net-spreading arachnidans . 

 Salti grades 



Vagabond arachnidans 

 Wolf-spiders 

 The tarantula . 

 Leaping-spiders 

 Gossamer-spiders 



CHAPTER XIII. 



Crustacea ...... 



Articulated animals breathing water 



Land crustaceans, their wet gills . 



Wood-lice fitted for a damp atmosphere 



Senses of Crustacea 



Their periodical moult 



Diversity of external forms of Crustacea 



