igii.] S. Kemp : The occurrence of Apus in Asia. 355 



The average diameter of the eggs is "49 mm. 

 The Kashmir specimens appear to differ from those found at 

 Bulandshahr only in two respects : — 



(i) The size is much smaller, the average length of the body 

 in 20 specimens is 20-6 mm. (excluding the furcal rami), 

 the extremes being 15 and 25 mm. 



(2) The surface of the carapace, when the moisture has been 

 removed, is seen to be covered with fine and short 

 irregular ridges, giving it a wrinkled and reticulate 

 appearance which is specially well-marked in the neigh- 

 bourhood of the shell-gland. 



In addition the spines on the posterior margin of the carapace 

 appear relatively a trifle larger than in the examples from the 

 United Provinces. 



Twenty specimens yield the following measurements (in 

 mm.) : — 



Maximum. Minimum. 



Total length excluding furcal rami . 

 Length of carapace in median line 

 I<ength of median carina of carapace 



Average. 



The furcal ramus, when unbroken, is as long as, or a trifle 

 longer than, the total body-length and the fifth endite of the first 

 thoracic limbs reaches beyond the posterior margin of the cara- 

 pace and is composed of about 55 — 60 segments. Dorsally from 

 10 to 15 abdominal somites are exposed behind the carapace and 

 ventrally there are 5 or 6 (the latter rather more often than the 

 former) behind the last pair of appendages. The average diameter 

 of the eggs is "47 mm. 



As regards colour, the specimens are of a dull olivaceous 

 green obscurely mottled with a darker shade. 



In their large size and smooth carapace the specimens from 

 the United Provinces agree with the Italian examples of A. cancri- 

 formis; but lyilljeborg^ in his description of large individuals of 



this species from Sweden remarks '' vScutum ad latera supra 



foUiculos testae plures carinas obliquas humiliores et breviores 

 praebens" a statement which seems to accord well enough with 

 the Kashmir specimens. 



As has already been noted, the possibility that the characters 

 of the species are deeply influenced by external conditions is great, 



1 Synopsis Crust, Svecicorum Branchiopodoyum et Phyllopodonim, p. 8 (1877). 



