VOLUTOPSIS. 119 



N. NORVEGiCA, Chemn. PL 48, figs. 2tr>, 2n ; PI. 49, figs. 2V8, 

 279; PL 50, fig. 288. 

 Whorls smooth, polished, sometimes veiy faintly striate ; pink- 

 ish cream color or white. Length, 3-4-25 inches. 



North Sea Coast of England ; Shetland Is. ; Greenland ; Iceland; 

 Newfoundland ; Norioay (100 fathoms) ; Sea of Okhotsk ; Alaska. 



The animal has a pale orange or yellowish white liody, irregu- 

 larly streaked witli purple. " The egg-cases are solitary. Each 

 forms a compressed hemisphere about one inch in diameter, 

 dirty lemon color, semi-transparent, and attached by the whole 

 of its base to the inside of old bivalve shells and other flat sub- 

 stances, and edged b}" a rim or strip of membrane. The upper 

 surface is covered with a thin whitish crust, which breaks up 

 into crystalline particles and is finely corrugated ; the under side 

 is satiny. Ova pink or bright flesh-color. There are in each 

 capsule from two to four perfect fry, which make their escape 

 through a slit in the rim. The shell has the expressive name of 

 'wide mouth ' among the ISTorth-country fishermen."* 



Occurs fossil in the glacial shell mounds at Udevalla ; and in 

 England in the Norwich Crag. At the former locality the spire 

 is somewhat longer, approaching the next species. 



N. LargiUierti^ Petit, from Newfoundland (fig. 278), is con- 

 sidered b}- its author a synou}^ m of this species ; nevertheless 

 Kobelt has figured and described a specimen (fig. 279) which 

 differs still more than Petit's type from the normal Norvegica.^ 

 and which he thinks is distinct ; it approaches the next species 

 in form. , 



I can scarcely doubt the identity with this species of N. regu- 

 laris, Dall (fig. 271), which, by a curious error, was described as 

 a var. of N. Beringii, Midd., supposed by him to be equivalent, 

 or nearly so, to N. Norvegica. It comes from Unalashka, etc., 

 and appears to be a stunted form. 



N. TuRTONi, Bean. PL 48, fig. 275 ; PL 49, figs. 281-283. 



Shell whitish, spirally striated. Length, 3-5-4'75 inches. 

 North Sea, English and Norwegian Coasts, 



coralline zone to 100 fathoms. 

 Animal white with purple markings. 



* Jeflfreys Brit. Conch., IV, 331. 



