MANUAL OF CONGHOLOGY 



MONOGRAPH OF THE FAMILY SOLARIIDiE, 



BY WILLIAM B, MARSHALL, B. S., 



Assistant, (Jonchological Museum of the Academy of Natural Sciences 

 of Philadelphia. 



^ Family SOLARIIDjE. 



Shell depressed conic, turbinate, or planorbiform ; aperture 

 entire, angular or subcircular ; lip and columella simple, interior 

 without nacre ; umbilicus wide and deep and usually with crenu- 

 lated margins; main sculpture usuall}'^ spiral. Operculum corne- 

 ous, spiral. 



Animal with veiy large, oval foot, notched in fi'ont ; tentacles 

 cylindrical, thick, with e^'es sessile on swellings neai* their outer 

 bases. Dentition variable. In Solarium (PI. 1, figs. 5, 6) and 

 Philippia (PI. 1, fig. 8) the teeth are long, spiniform, pronged and 

 without a central tooth. In Torinia (PI. 1, figs. 11, 12) there is 

 a small central tooth, a lateral tooth with jDectinated and incised 

 edge united to the central tooth, and two marginal teeth which 

 are straight and digitated at their extremities. The jaw of So- 

 larium and that of Philippia are figured on Pi. 1, figs. 4 and 7. 



The proper systematic position of the famil}' Solariidae was 

 long a matter of doubt. By most authors it was assigned to the 

 neighborhood of Trochidae. Gray in 1847 (Zool. Proc, p. 151), 

 substituted for Solarium the name Architectoma, which was 

 evidently a typographical error for Architectonica, Bolt,, and 

 placed the genus in the Littorinidae, In 1850 (Figs, of Moll. 

 Anim.), he raised the genus to the rank of a f:imily, and naming 

 it Architectomidffi, he placed it between the LittorinidjE and 

 Melanidse. In 1853 (Zool, Proc, p. 394), believing the animal 

 to be without teeth, he placed the family in his group Gymno- 



(3) 



