210 TURBO. ' 



(Batillus.) 

 T. CORXUTUS Gmel., 1788. PI. 43, figs. 50, 52. 



Shell large, ventricose, ovate-pointed, imperforate, brown, grayish 

 or' greenish, with irregular incremental striee and spiral lirte; spire 

 conic, acute ; sutures deeply impressed ; whorls 6, the last one and 

 one-half ventricose, somewhat bicarinate, armed about the middle 

 Avith two spiral series of erect tubular spines, and frequently a small- 

 er accessory row above; aperture oblique, rounded, w'hite within; 

 lip thin ; columella broad, flattened and somewhat grooved, pro- 

 duced and channelled at base. Alt. 95, diam. 95 mill. 



Japanese Seas- 



Operculum (pi. 60, figs. 33, 34) within brown, concave, Avith four 

 Avhorls, nucleus one-thir<l the distance across the face ; outside con- 

 vex, white or tinged with brow^n and olive, more or less sharply as- 

 perate with elevated points, and with a spiral rib commencing in an 

 axial elevation and terminating at the margin of increment. 



T. japonicus Reeve, in part, (pi. 43, fig. 52) is synonymous. 



The lower series of spines is sometimes absent. 



Subgenus Callopoma Gray, 1850. 



Shell turbinate, imperforate, dark colored ; aperture round ; face 

 of the columella with a deep curved longitudinal groove. Opercu- 

 lum circular with subcentral apex ; outside convex, granulose, with 

 a deep central pit and a marginal cordon of granulose ribs, separa- 

 ted by narrow, deep concentric grooves. 



Californian and Panamic Provinces. 



The afl&nities of this group are with Ninella on the one hand and 

 Senectus on the other. In the latter group, the opercula of T. speng- 

 lerianus and T. cornutus show some affinity to those of Callopoma. 



T. FLiTCTuosus Wood. PI. 43, figs. 48a, 49 ; PI. 50, figs. 54, 55. 



Shell ovate-conic, short, solid, imperforate, olivaceous, green, 

 brown or grayish, longitudinally strigate or tessellate with white ; 

 spire conic ; whorls 5, generally angulate and nodose at shoulder, 

 W'ith a varying number of coarse subnodose revolving carinse and of 

 intermediate liruke upon the median and lower portions of the body- 

 whorl ; aperture large, iridescent within ; columella Avide, w'hite, 

 slightly produced at the base, and Avith a longitudinal excavation 

 or groove upon its face. Alt. 58, diam. 65 mill. 



West Coast of America, from Gulf of California northward. 



