214 TURBO. 



Subgenus Ocana Adams, 1861. 

 "Shell turbinate, solid, smooth ; axis imperforate ; spire short, 

 conical ; aperture subcircular, Avider than long, inner lip flattened, 

 excavated, scarcely produced anteriorly, with an extended thin cal- 

 lus. Operculum with a convex granular spiral rib, axis deeply per- 

 forated, outer lip simple." 



South African Province. 



T. ciDARis Gmel., 1788. PI. 50, figs, 62, 63 ; pi. oQ, fig. 81. 



Shell depressed, heliciform, imperforate, smooth and polished ; red- 

 dish, brown or yellow, usually llammulate above, variously marked 

 below, with white ; spire short, whorls 5-6, the upper ones bicari- 

 nate, the last often considerably descending, rounded ; aperture circu- 

 lar, oblique, white within, rounded below; columella wide, callous, 

 excavated at the umbilical region. Alt. 25-40, diam. 33-48 mill. 



South African Coasts. 



Operculum slightly concave inside, with six whorls and subcen- 

 tral apex ; outside sharply granulate, white, convex, spiral, with a 

 central pit. 



I have not had an opportunity to examine 'either animal ()r 

 opercnlum of this species. 



T. ciRCULARis Reeve, 1848. Pi. 41, fig. 24. 



Shell orbicular, conoid, imperforate, pale flesh-color, maculated 

 with bright rufous; apex acute; whorls convex, spirally sculptured 

 with granulose lirse; aperture circular, columella wide, callous, 

 slightly dilated, bounded outside by a spiral funicle. 



Alt.'32, diam. 34 mill. 



Adelaide, and St. Vincents Gidf,S. Australia. 



T. (jruneri Phil. (pi. 56, fig. 82) is a synonym. 



There is some uncertainty about which of the above names has 

 priority for this species. The volume of the Conchylien Cabinet in 

 which Philippi's description occurs, bears date of 1846 ; but it was 

 not completed until after the publication of Reeve's monograph of 

 Turbo in the Iconica. Philippi begins to cite Reeve in his synonymy 

 on p. 69 of his Avork, so that from that point onward we may be 

 certain that his work appeared subsequent to Reeve's; but whether 

 liis description of T. gntneri (p. 52 of the Couch. Cab.) Avas actually 

 j)ublished before Reeve'.s description I am unable to decide. Brazier 



