294 PICKEL. [Vol. II. 



In Testiuio graeca the "anal bladders" are wanting, at least 

 in the male. He does not say whether they are present or not 

 in the female, as he had no opportunity to examine a female 

 specimen. 



Rathke (15) claims to have found the so-called "after blad- 

 ders " (Bursae anales), which, like the bladder, empty into the 

 cloaca, only in Eviys europaea Schweigger {Eniys orbicularis 

 Boulenger) and Emys httaria Schweigger {Eviys orbiadaris 

 Boulenger). In the young animals they were, as regards size, 

 like the bladder in the adult. 



In my own investigations I endeavored to secure species of 

 as many different families of Tcstudinata as possible, and these 

 distributed over a wide area. I examined in all thirty animals, 

 representing sixteen species, ten genera, and five families. 

 The fresh material was obtained in the vicinity of Chicago 

 and from Connecticut, Georgia, and Mississippi. I also had the 

 use of preserved specimens which were collected in Australia 

 by Dr. Semon, of Jena, Germany, and sent to the late Dr. 

 Baur, Associate Professor of Paleontology in the University of 

 Chicago. 



I have followed Boulenger's classification and nomenclature 

 except for the American box tortoises. In mentioning species 

 of this genus I have used Dr. Baur's terminology. 



This work was done in Hull Zoological Laboratory under 

 the direction of Dr. W. M. Wheeler, to whom I acknowledge 

 my great indebtedness for valuable criticisms and suggestions. 



I found large "accessory bladders" in both sexes of the 

 following North American species : Cliclydi'a scrpaitina, Chrys- 

 cviis picta, C. ritbrivcntris^ Malacoclcviviys terrapcn, Clcviniys 

 insculpta, Clernmys guttata, Eviys blandingii. 



The following Asiatic and Australian species possessed large 

 "anal bladders" : Cyclcniis dJior 9, Cyclcjuis amboincnsis 9, 

 C/cniviys Japonica 9. Chclodina lougicol/is 9, Eviydnra krcjftii 9, 

 Emydiira latistcrnmn 9 • 



The North American species, Tcrrapcjic Carolina, $ and 9, 

 and Terrapene triungiiis, $ and 9, have very small "accessory 

 bladders." In the latter, which had never before been exam- 

 ined, I found very rudimentary "accessory bladders" much 



