296 



PICK EL. 



[Vol. II. 



cells in the "accessory bladders." This similarity is best seen 

 in camera lucida drawings of sections of the bladder and of the 

 "accessory bladders." 



The Function of the Accessory Bladders. 



As is well known, the habitat of the group of animals called 

 Testudinata is diversified. Some species are exclusively ter- 

 restrial, others are more or less amphibious, and still others 



-Achl. 



Fig. 2. — Male Urinogenital Organs of Emys blandiiigii. — A'., kidney ; Ur., ureter ; Vr}-, aperture 

 of ureter into the cloaca (c/.); B., urinary bladder; R., rectum \ R^, opening of rectum into the 

 cloaca; Ac. bl., accessory bladder; ap. and ap.'^, apertures of the accessory bladders into the 

 cloaca; 7"., testis; £■/., epididymis; P'rf., vas deferens ; Vd. and f^;/.', openings of the vasa 

 deferentia into the cloaca ; Gp., glans penis ; Urc, urinogenital canal ; P., penis. 



are aquatic. The presence or absence of " accessory bladders " 

 in these animals appears to be, in a measure, correlated with 

 their habits and environments. Lesueur (lo) found that the 

 " accessory bladders " were not present in land tortoises. I, 

 too, have found these organs very small or entirely absent in 

 the land species which I have examined ( Testitdo polyphenols, 

 Terrapene Carolina, and Tcrrapcne tTiungids). 



C. Miiller (12), who had frequent opportunities of observing 



