No. 6.] BLADDERS OF THE TESTUDINATA. 30I 



These circumstances suggest that these "anal bladders" are 

 related to the habits of the animals which have them, for in 

 considering their distribution, as shown by these observations, 

 it is plain that they are restricted to turtles which are semi- 

 terrestrial and semi-aquatic, and those forms which are exclu- 

 sively terrestrial and those which are exclusively aquatic do 

 not possess them. And it would appear that it is due to the 

 presence of these bladders in amphibious turtles like CJiryscviis 

 picta and Emys blandingii, that they can live under more varied 

 conditions than such terrestrial and aquatic forms as Tervapene 

 Carolina and Cinostermmi odoratum, for apart from these "anal 

 bladders," there is no very great difference between the gen- 

 eral structure of an Emys and a Terrapene. 



From my own observations I conclude that the " accessory 

 bladders " of Testiidinata function as reservoirs or receptacles 

 for liquid stored up for the use of the animal. 



