SUBKMARGINULA. 285 



Authors have considered this group either a distinct genus or a 

 subgenus of Scutus. It is, however, a mere section of Subemarg inula, 

 with no differential characters worth speaking of, and of course no 

 claims to generic rank. To the genus 'Scutus it has no affinity. 



On the animal of Tugalia see A. Adams, Ann. Mag. N. H. vi, 

 1860, p. 112. 



S. parmophoidea Quoy & Gaimard. PI. 43, figs. 78, 79, 80. 



Shell ovate-oblong, convex and arcuate ; margins denticulated ; 

 greenish-yellow ; cancellated with very thin rough aud close strise ; 

 apex obtuse; fissure almost none. Length 19, breadth 11, alt. 6 

 mill. (Q.&G.) 



Australia; New Zealand. 



Emarginula parmophoidea Q. & G., Voy. Astrol. p. 325, t. 68, f. 

 15, 16. — Tugalia parmophoroidea A. Ad., P. Z. S. 1851, p. 89. — 

 Tugalia parmophoridea Sown., Thes. p. 221, f. 5, 11, 16. — T. parmo- 

 phoidea Hutton, Man. N. Z. Moll. p. 106, 1880. — T. elegans Gray, 

 in Dieff. N. Z. ii, p. 240. 



Sowerby has very likely wrongly identified this species. His fig- 

 ures do not agree with those of Quoy. 



S. intermedia Reeve. PI. 43, figs. 83, 84. 



Shell oblong-ovate, broadly rounded behind, narrower toward the 

 front, and having a very shallow notch or emargination in the front 

 margin. Apex at the posterior fifth. Surface finely latticed all 

 over by numerous close fine radiating riblets crossed by close 

 elevated concentric strise ; color light buff. Interior white, margin 

 obtuse, finely crenulated. Length 21, breadth 12, alt. 6 mill. 



Port Jackson, Australia. 



Parmophorus intermedins Rve., Conch. Syst., t. 139, f. 5, 6. — 

 Tugalia cinerea (" Gld") Sowb. Thes., p. 221, f. 15, 17, (not Emar- 

 ginula cinerea Gld.) 



This species differs from S. parmophoidea in being less parallel- 

 sided. It is, however, very closely allied. 



S. carinata A. Adams. PL 43, fig. 85. 



Elongate-oval, back carinated ; decussated with close radiating 

 ribs and concentric stride ; apex inclining backward ; base arcuate ; 

 margin of the aperture crenulated, the sinus produced into a canal 



