The Shell-Collector’s ITandbook. 151 
Habitat.—Among grass and dead leaves in the Northern 
Counties. 
VERTIGO SUBSTRIATA, JEFFREYS 
SuHExt shortly ovate, strongly striated, subopaque, light 
yellowish horn-colour; whorls four and a_ half, very 
ventricose; spire short, abrupt, blunt; suture very deep ; 
aperture oblique, subpyriform , with six teeth; two or 
three inside the outer lip, two on the base of the 
penultimate whorl, and one, sometimes two, on the 
columella ; umbilicus small, contracted by a basal ridge. 
Length 2; diam. 43 mill.; ap. $ mill. long. Animal grey; 
snout bilobed. 
Hatlitat.—Among dead leaves and grass, under stones, 
in marshy places. 
VERTIGO PUSILLA, MULLER. 
SHELL sinistral, ovate, somewhat fusiform, glossy, thin, 
transparent, pale yellowish horn-colour; whorls four and 
a half to five, very ventricose, the last two of equal 
breadth; suture deep; aperture subquadrate, with a 
sinuation on the outer margin, and with six or seven 
denticles,—two inside the outer lip, two on the base of 
the penultimate whorl, and two or three on the columella: 
outer lip thickish, furnished externally and internally with 
a strong rib of a yellowish-white colour ; umbilicus small, 
porated by a basal rib. Length 2; diam. 1 mill.; 
ap. # mill. long. Animal brownish or greyish-slate colour ; 
mantie yellowish-brown. 
Habitat—Among moss and decaying leaves, under 
stones in woods, old walls and dry banks. | 
K 2 
