38 RUFFED GROUSE. 
crest in all its habits, and builds a very similar 
nest. The young have no crest until the second 
year after leaving the nest. These birds are 
rarely seen in the summer during the breeding- 
time, as their haunts are seldom accessible to 
man. 
I have already spoken of the Sumass and Chi- 
lukweyuk prairies. Whilst camping there I 
had abundant opportunity to watch the habits of 
many curious residents in these prairies and their 
adjacent forests of pine :— 
THE RUFFED GROUSE—OREGON GROUSE—PAR- 
TRIDGE, PHEASANT. 
Ronasa Sabinii, Baird; Tetrao umbellus, Richardson, F.B.A. 
This grouse has an immense geographical 
range: west of the Rocky Mountains, from the 
borders of California, throughout Oregon and 
Washington Territories, extending high up on 
the slopes of the Rocky Mountains; plentiful in 
all the timbered land between the Cascades and 
Rocky ruts along the banks of the Columbia, 
over the ridge of the Cascades, down their western - 
slopes to the Fraser, on all the islands of the Gulf 
of Georgia, and everywhere on Vancouver Island 
to its extreme north end, and on the mainland 
north to latitude 53°. East of the Rocky Moun- 
