168 LOG COCK AND LEWIS’ WOODPECKER. 
often seen, and difficult to obtain from its shy 
habits, always hiding in the dark pine-forests, 
the silence of which is often broken by the tre- 
mendous noise this bird makes, rapping on the 
dead trees. It has a wide range—common east 
and west of the Cascades, and on the west slope 
of the Rocky Mountains; I have seen it north as 
far as Fort Rupert ( Vancouver Island), and south 
through Oregon and California. Whether they 
migrate south I do not know, but I obtained them 
at Colville during the winter. Nests in May, 
generally in a tall dead pine-tree at a great 
height. 
Lewis’ Woopprecker (Melanerpes torquatus, 
Bonap. ).—Not found, as far as I know, west of the 
Cascades, but is very abundant between the 
Cascades and the Rocky Mountains; it here 
frequents the open timber. Its habits and modes 
of flight are not the least like a woodpecker’s ; it 
flies with a heavy flapping motion, much like a 
jay, feeds a great deal on the ground, and chases 
insects on the wing like a shrike or king- 
bird. Whilst mating they assemble in large 
numbers, and keep up a continual loud chatter- 
ing noise ; they arrive at Colville in April, begin 
nesting in May, and leave again in October. 
The nest is in a hole in a dead pine-tree, usually 
