CEPHALOPODA OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 



2 59 



In 1879 Tryon published a monograph of the Cephalopoda as the first volume of his 

 Manual of Conchology. In addition to the three species just noted, two other forms 

 are accredited to our region, namely, Loligo gahi d'Orbigny and Polypus jontanianus 

 d'Orbigny. Both of these, however, are characteristic South American types and the 

 Hawaiian record in each case seems almost certainly to be an error. 



The Challenger steamed through the very heart of the region and made a brief call 

 at Honolulu, yet took but a single species of cephalopod. This was a common reef 

 Polypus, three specimens of which reached England and were there described by Hoyle 

 (1885) as Octopus marmoratus. 



In 1899 Schauinsland reported the occurrence of the following species in the neigh- 

 borhood of Laysan Island, his identifications being based on determinations by Dr. G. 

 Pfeffer: 



Octopus sp. Ommastrephes oualaniensis. 



Onychoteuthis Banksii. Ommastrephes Sloanei. 



In 1909 the present writer published preliminary diagnoses of seven supposedly new 

 forms from the Hawaiian Islands, and as an appendix to the same paper added a simple 

 check list of all the species known to occur in the region (Berry, 1909, p. 418). In this 

 list some 22 species are named and n other forms are recorded without precise deter- 

 mination. This list, which follows herewith, should now be regarded as entirely sup- 

 planted by the present paper: 



Cirroteuthis ( ?) sp. 



Argonauta bottgeri . 



Argonauta (argo?). 



Tremoctopus (near quoyanus). 



Alloposus mollis. 



Bolitaena sp. 



Polypus hawaiiensis. 



Polypus hoylei n. sp. 



Polypus ornatus. 



Polypus marmoratus. 



Polypus or. 



Polypus /?. 



Polypus 7-. 



Scaeurgus sp. 



Stephanoteuthis hawaiiensis n. gen. and 



sp. 

 Euprymna morsei. 



Semirossia (?) sp. 

 Stoloteuthis iris n. sp. 

 Sepioteuthis arctipinnis. 

 Ommastrephes sagittata near sloanei. 

 Ommastrephid (young). 

 Onychoteuthis banski. 

 Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis. 

 Teleoteuthis appellofi. 

 Abralia astrosticta n. sp. 

 Abralia sp. 

 Abraliopsis sp. 

 Pterygioteuthis giardi. 

 Tracheloteuthis riisei. 

 Chiroteuthis famelica n. sp. 

 Cranchia (Liocranchia) globula n. sp. 

 Cranchiid sp. 



Helicocranchia fisheri n. sp. 



Three years later Naef (1912, p. 247) proposed the new genus Iridoteuthis , basing it 

 upon the Hawaiian Stoloteuthis iris Berry as its type and single known representative. 



° Although fragmentary, Schauinsland's notes are of considerable interest, and in view of their inaccessibility to most 

 students it may be worth while to repeat them here. 



(P. 25) "... nicht selten hat man das Gliick, hier auch einen der abenteuerlichen Tintenfische (Octopus) zu erbeuten, 

 und zwar bisweilen in solcher Grosse, dass man sich vor seinen Saugarmen und scharfen Kiefern zu hiiten hat." 



(P. 92) " Neben den haufig bei Laysan sich findenden Octofius-Anen kommendoct an Cephalopodcn (det. Pfeffer) noch vor: 

 Ommastrephes oualaniensis Less, und Omm . Sloanei Gray, sowie Onychoteuthis BanksiiVir. Die drei letztcn Arten bilden iiber- 

 wiegend die Nahrung der Aloatrosse. wenigstcns in der Zeit. in welcher sie ihre Jungcn f iittern. Die Exkremente derselben be- 

 standen fast ausschliesslich aus Cephalopoden-Kieiern. Auch die Sula-Aiten fiitternaniangs ihren Nachwuchs mit verdauten 

 Cephalopoden. spater allerdings mit Fischen." 



