﻿INTEGUMENT 



19 



snakes the small shield or shields behind the 

 rostral are termed " apical," and those on the upper 

 edge of the snout are termed " canthals." The shield 

 which, in Vipers, separates the rostral from the nasal is 



I pro 



Fig. 2— Head of Zamenis ventrimaculatus. (From " Fauna of 

 British India ") 



^5, Chin-shields (anterior) ; cs', chin-shields (posterior) ; /, frontal 

 in, internasal ; ^, loreal ; la, labial (upper) ; la\ labial (lower) 

 m, mental ; n, nasal ; p, parietal ; pf, prefrontal ; pro, preocular 

 pto, postocular ; r, rostral; sbo, subocular ; so, supraocular 

 t, temporals (first row) ; t' , temporals (second row) ; y, first 

 ventral. 



called " naso- rostral." Allusion has been made above 

 to the scaly dermal appendages which terminate the 

 snout in certain genera. Some Viperidae are furnished 



