28 NYMPHALID^. 



DANAIN/E. HESTIA. 



According to Dr. Felder's figure the markings on this species are very similar in style to 

 those of the south Indian Hestias, but far more boldly developed. The discal series of spots 

 are much elongated towards the costa, where they are almost completely confluent, forming a 

 wide subapical black band. It has been considered by some authors as a small local variety of 

 H.jasonia, but "it obviously differs from H. jasonia, Westwood, by the wings being shorter 

 in the inner and longer in the outer margin, by the more concave outer margin of the forewing, 

 and by the longer and narrower discoidal cells." {Felder, 1. c). It is further distinguished 

 from that and from all the other Continental types by the conspicuous subapical black band, 

 and the wide black inner margin to tlie forewing. Quite recently (December, 1881, and 

 January, 1S82) three males and a female, which evidently belong to this species, have been taken 

 for the Indian Museum in the Mergui Archipelago ; these differ from the type in being a little 

 larger, and in having the black spot near the middle of the streak in the inteino-median area of 

 the hindwing. The Fkmai.e differs from the male in iht fore-ving being wider and less emargi- 

 nate externally ; and in all the black markings of both wings being smaller, leaving a greater 

 extent of the pure white ground-colour. See remarks on the following species, H. cadelli. 



5. Hestia cadelli, W.-M. & de N. (Plate IV. Fig. 2 J ). 



Hestia cadelli. Wood- Mason and de Niceville, Journ. A. S. B., vol. xlix, part ii, p. 225, pi. xiii, fig. i 

 (1880), male ; id., vol. 1, part ii, p. 244 (1881), female. 

 Habitat : Port Blair, South Andamans. 

 Expanse : 5 inches ; length of forewing, 2*45 inches. 



Description : " Male : Allied to H. agamarschana, Felder. IVingi above pure 

 subpellucid white, clouded, especially on the outer halves, with minute black scales, and 

 marked and veined with intense black ; all the markings larger, more or less coalescent, 

 and blurred or paler at the margins; the nervures more broadly black-bordered, and 

 the marginal spots completely run together, so that the wings are all, especially the 

 hindwings, distinctly bordered externally with black. Forewing relatively narrower and 

 longer, being more than twice as long as broad, with the discoidal cell equal in length to the 

 submedian nervure, that is to say, to the inner margin, and all but as long as the outer 

 margin measured in a straight hue from the extremity of the submedian nervure to that of 

 the subcostal ; with the anterior discal spots nnore elongated and more completely coalesced, 

 the >spot between the first and second median nervules alone constantly free, and the large 

 rounded one internal to it in the same interspace coalescent with the enlarged extremity of 

 the cellular mark (which fills the cell nearly to the level of the origin of the second median 

 nervule, and is divided at the base of the wing by three indistinct longitudinal clouded white 

 streaks), and the large mark in front of the submedian nervure larger, triangular, and united by 

 a black streak to the discal black spot beyond it. Hindiuing shorter and broader, with the 

 outer margin more broadly rounded off, the cell and the interspaces beyond it broader, the 

 spot in it larger, and all those around it free, though exhibiting a tendency to coalesce with 

 the black margins of the nervules. Underside, dirty-white, of a dull opalescent tinge, with 

 fuscous-black markings and nervures. Female : Both wings broader, with the markings 

 of the same shape, situation, size, and shade as in the male, from which, in fact, the female 

 differs in the proportions of the organs of flight just in the same manner as does H. hadeni, ? 

 from H. cadelli, S" (vide PI. IV). 



In describing this species Professor Wood-Mason and Mr. de Niceville recorded the fol- 

 lowing note : " This specimen does not agree with Felder's figure and description of //. agamars- 

 chana, the only species of the genus hitherto recorded from these islands, either in the extent 

 and relations of the black markings or in the shape and proportions of the wings : the former 

 being larger, more or less coalescent generally, and completely run together at the outer margin 

 so as to form a distinct black border to each wing, the hindwing being broadly rounded off at 

 the extremity, and consequently not presenting the peculiar egg-shaped outline so characteristic 

 of these organs in all the hitherto described Indian Hestias, e.g., H. lynceus, H. jasonia, &c., 

 with the latter of which Felder compares his species; the specimen apparently also differs 

 from H, agamarschana, in having the white of both wings everywhere more or less clouded 



