52 NYMFIIALID.Ii. DANAIN^E. DANAIS 



Its appearance is so erratic over a large extent of country that in distribution as well as in 

 inconstancy of the extent of white, the idea of its being only a casual variety of D. chrysippus 

 is suggested ; but the variety, if such it should prove to be, is so well marked that it is worthy 

 of retention as a distinct species, until the discovery of the caterpillar, which is as yet unknown, 

 sets the question at rest. 



D. akippus is found occasionally throughout the plains of Northern India. According to 

 Major C. Svvinhoe it is scarce in Sind, appearing in November and December. Mr. de Nice- 

 ville took two specimens at Nurpur in the Punjab in May. In the N.-W. Provinces it is 

 still more scarce, the only place where it is known to have occurred being Lucknnw, where two 

 specimens were taken by Col. Lang ; towards the East it is certainly nowhere common. There 

 is a single specimen from Rangoon in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. 



30. Danals dorippus, Kiug. 



Enplaa doHpj>us, Klug, Symb. Phys., pi. xlviii, figs 1—5 (1S45) ; Danals chrysi/>/>us, var. c, Kirby^ 

 Syst. Cat. D. L., p. 7(1871); D. dorippits, Oberthur, Etudes d' Entom., 3 me, livr., p. 24, pi. i, fig. 5, (1S78) 

 male, from Zanzibar. 



Habitat : Sind, extending to South-Eastern Europe and Africa. 



Expanse -. 2*3 to 3-6 inches. 



Description : This species may at once be distinguished from D. chiysippus by the 

 absence on the upperside of the yJ^r^Ty/wf of the black apical patch, and the white subapical 

 band the spot outside the cell and the one on the inner margin of the black apical patch 

 between the first and second median nervules. The submarginal row of spots in D, dorippus 

 is generally entirely wanting ; if present at all it consists of two or three spots between the 

 first and third median nervules. The marginal series is also very abbreviated, three spots at 

 the apex, and a few between the first and third median nervules being generally alone present, 

 though sometimes the series is nearly complete, but the spots are always smaller than in 

 D. chrysippus. Hindwiitg as in D. chrysippus, except that the marginal series of white dots 

 is almost obsolete. Underside bright fulvous ; deep ferruginous colour nearly filling the 

 cell ; light ochreous at the apex. Two spots, one on each side of the discoidal nervule, just 

 beyond and touching the cell, a subapical oblique band of five spots from the costa to the 

 third median nervule, divided by the veins, (these spots are faintly seen on the upper- 

 side through transparency) — white. Otherwise as in D. chrysippus. The hindwing is in all 

 respects like that of D. chrysippus. 



A single male specimen from Karachi has the whole cell of forewing and base of both 



wings, suffused with deep ferruginous on the uppcrsidc, and on the underside the whole cell and 

 base of forewing only. Another female specimen from Mulleer, Sind, has the subapical band 



of white spots entirely absent. 



The only notice of the occurrence of D, dorippus within Indian limits (it is common in 



Africa) that has been received is from Major C. Swinhoe, who writes from Karachi that he has 



observed it in Sind in January. June, August, September, November, and December, but 



never commonly. 



3r. Danals grsautia,* Cramer. 



Pap'dio gcnuticiy Cr.nmer, Pap. Ex., vol. iii, pi. ccvi, figs. C, D (1779); PaJ>iliogenutius,'Rerh%l, Pap., 

 pi. cliv, figs. I, 2 (1794) ; Salatura gcnutia, Moore, Lep. Ceylon, p. 6, pi. iv, figs. 2 male, 2a female (1880) ; 

 Danais plexippus, auctorum, iiec Linnaeus. 



Habitat : Throughout India and Burma up to 7,000 feet elevation. 

 Expanse : 26 to 4*0 inches. 



* For figure, see page 7. 



