54 NYMPHALID.E. 



DANAIN^. DAN A IS. 



32. Danals nipalensls, Moore. 



D. nipalensis, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., fourth series, vol. xx, p. 43 (1877). 

 Habitat : Katmaiulu, Nepal. 

 Expanse : 39 inches. 



Description : " Male : Upperstde dull ferruginous black. Foi-ewitig with the basal 

 internal half bright ferruginous, intersected by the black veins ; an oblique subapical narrow 

 series of five white spots, the second, third, and fourth elongated, the fourth longest, the 

 fifth subconical ; a series of two median submarginal, and four marginal small white spots. 

 /y/wAy/V/i^ with the spaces between the veins to beyond the disc ferruginous, intersected by 

 broad black-margined veins. Cilia alternate black and white. Head, thorax, and legs black, 

 spotted and streaked with white. Abdomen ferruginous. Underside, paler ferruginous 

 black, marked as above. Nearest to D. chtysippiis, from which it may be distinguished by the 

 absence of all white markings except the narrow oblique subapical series on the forewing." 

 (Moore, 1. c.) 



This is apparently a local species ; no record of its occurrence elsewhere can be traced. 

 It seems to be more nearly relate! to D. gemitia than to D. chrysippiis, but the description is 

 given as originally recorded. We have never seen a specimen. 



33. Danals philenO, Cramer. 



PapU'io phUene, Cramer, Pap. Ex., vol. iv, pi. ccclxxv, figs. A, B ('1781) ; Herbst, Pap., pi. cliv, figs. 3, 4 

 (1794) ; Danais philene, Godt., Enc. Meth., vol. ix, p. 187, n. 37 (1819} ; Euplaa phikne, Hubn., Verz. 

 bek. Schmett., p. 15 (1816). 



Habitat : North India (?), Java, Amboyna. 



Expanse : 3*6 inches, (from Cramer's plate). 



Description: " Wings slightly sinuous, dark ferruginous, with here and there some 

 nervures and the hinder margin of a blackish-brown, the latter dotted whith wite ; ihejortwing 

 blackish at the apex, with a very white maculated band ; the underside of the kind-wing with 

 some bifid white spots on the disc ; size about the same as D. plexippits [D. genutia\. Fore- 

 wing, blackish brown, with a large lengthened patch of dark ferruginous red at the base, divided 

 by a blackish nervure ; a subapical white band of five spots, of which the four nearest the 

 costa are oblong and joined, the fifth almost round and separated from the others ; this band is 

 preceded interiorly by a longitudinal white line on the costa, and the hind [outer] margin 

 has two rows of equally white spots, of which the inner line is shorter. Hindwing, dark 

 ferruginous with blackish nervures, the outer border smoky brown, with a double or single row 

 of white dots. The Underside oi \.\\q forewing is, with a slight difference in shade, almost the 

 same as the upperside. In the hindwing it differs in that the disc has five white bifid spots, and 

 the pocket in the male is marked with a small longitudinal line of the same colour ; also that 

 the spots on the border are brighter, a little larger, and the two rows are both complete. The 

 thorax is black with white dots ; the abdomen is brownish above, yellow below ; the 

 antennce are black." 



The above is Godart's description of this species, which is included in the Indian list on 

 the strength of a notice by Mr. Butler* of a small collection of Butterflies made in the 

 North-West Punjab, containing the following entry : — " D. philene, Cheta, about twenty miles 

 from Murree ; found in lime and orange gardens." No other record of its occurrence has been 

 traced, nor is it known whether any specimen exists in Indian collections ; and it seems likely 

 that a mistake was made in the identification, for the insect belongs to the Indo-Malayan 

 region, and wide-spread as many of the species of Danaince are, it would be a singular 

 occurrence if a Malayan species were found in the North-West Himalayas and not in the vast 



• Proc. Zool. Soc , Lond,, 1870, p, 725, n. 2. 



