NYMPHALID^. DANAIN/E. DANAIS. 55 



intermediate region. It appears to dift'er from D. getintia cliiefly in tlie nervures of the 

 forewing being without tlie black borders on upperside, in the presence of the five bitid white 

 spots in the disc of the hindwing on the underside, and in the tone of the ferruginous basal area 

 of the wings. 



The caterpillar and chrysalis were discovered by Ilorsfield in Java, and are figured in the 

 Cat. Lep. E. I. C, plate iv., figs. 5, Sa (1857). The caterpillar has only four tenfacula, 

 two long ones on the third segment, and two short ones on the last segment but one ; it 

 feeds in Java " on a species of cissiis, bearing themative name of Galing." (Horsjield.) It was 

 found in December. The chrysalis is short and very obtuse. These figures are almost iden- 

 tical with those given at pi. iii, figs. 8, 8a, of Horsfield's Catalogue (1829), of Z).//t'^z>/«J 

 ( = -^- gentitia), and gives rise to the suspicion that the metamorphoses shown belong to one 

 and the same insect, most probably of D. philene. 



34- DanalS hegesippnS, Cramer. 



/"a////!? /i<^«/y»/j<j, Cramer, Pap. Ex., vol. ii, pi. clxxx, fig. A (1777) ; Fabricius, Ent. Syst., vol. iii, pt. i, 

 p. 52, n. 160(1793); Ettpleca liegcsippe, Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schmett., p. 15 (1816) ; Danais hcgesipj>e, Godart, 

 Enc. Meth., vol. ix, p. iSj, n. 42 (1819) ; Danais melanippe, G. R. Gray, Lep. Ins. Nepal, p, 10, pi. ix, fig. i 

 (1846) J Danais chirona, G. R. Gray, I. c, p. 10 (1833). 



Habitat : Eastern Bengal, Orissa, Burma. 



E.XPANSE : 27 to3'6 inches. 



Description : Upperside : Forewing as in D. genutia, except that the fulvous streak below 

 the submedian nervure is never present in D. hegesippus, the macular band of white spots 

 across the apex is less prominent, and the sixth spot of this band is placed much nearer the 

 base of the wing ; the spot below it between the second and first median nervules is also usually 

 much more prominent. In Cramer's figure the narrow fulvous streak below the submedian 

 nervure is shown, but in a long series of Indian specimens before us it is invariably wanting. 

 Hhidzving fuscous brown in Cramer's plate, and also in some Rangoon specimens, but usually 

 almost black. All the fulvous ground-colour of this wing in D. genutia is replaced in 

 D. hegesippus with pure white, the streaks in the interspaces beyond the cell being much more 

 restricted, in some specimens being much reduced and sullied with fulvous at the edges ; the 

 marginal and submarginal series of round spots always complete, and more prominent than in 

 D. genutia. Underside similar to the upperside, but all the white markings on the hindiving 

 are more prominent, and except the two long abdominal streaks are outwardly suffused with 

 fulvous, increasing in extent towards the costa, the spaces above the subcostal nervure being 

 almost entirely fulvous. The female only differs from the male in the absence of the sexual 

 mark on the hindwing. 



D. hegesippus does not seem to be very common anywhere. Mr. de Niceville, who has 

 carefully collected in the neighbourhood of Calcutta, notes : " On November 15th and December 

 iSth, 1878, in a garden on the outskirts of Calcutta, I took two specimens of this insect on each 

 occasion and have never seen it since. It seems to have a lower, and, if possible, lazier flight 

 than D. genutia, from which species, by reason of its white striped lower wings, it is easily 

 distinguished even on the wing." Specimens may not unfrequently be found in the collections 

 made by soldiers for sale in the neighbourhood of Rangoon, but neither Limborg nor Captain 

 Bingham met with it in Tenasserim, in the winter and early summer months. There is one 

 specimen in the Indian Museum, Calcutta, from Orissa ; and another from the old East India 

 Company's Museum, labelled " Dukhun, Colonel Sykes," but we know of no other specimen 

 taken in that part of India, the locality is probably erroneous. 



35- Danais aeslppus, Feider. 



Z7. ««?>/«^, Felder, Verb, zool.-bot. Gesellsch. Wien, vol. xii, p. 486, n. 123 (1862) ; Reise Nov., Lep., 

 vol. ii, p. 347» n- 484 (1867). 



Habitat : Nancowry, Sambelong, Nicobars. 

 Expanse : 2'8 to 3*2 inches. 



