NYMPHALID^. DANAIN/E. EUPLCEA. 63 



hinder angle, the spots when present of thediscal series, and the intensity of thebhie shot when 

 present, are all extremely variable. In all three the great breadth of the wings, the comparative 

 shortness of the forewing, and the extremely convex inner margin of that wing in the males 

 distinguishes them from other species of Salpinx, and the enlargement of the third and adjacent 

 spots in the submarginal series is also a very distinctive feature which is found in no other 

 species of Euplcea in this country, except in E. (Crastia) bremeri and E. vermiculata to a lesser 

 degree ; the enlargement of the third spot in the discal series of E, (Salpinx) illustris 

 indicates an affinity with this group. 



41- EuplGea erassa, Butler. 



£. crATJ*, Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond, 1866, p. 278, n. 31; Salpinx crassa, Mosre, id., 1878, p. 822. 



Habitat : Burma, Siam. 



Expanse: ^,3-6 to 4-0; 9, 3-5 to 4-1 inches. 



Description : " Upperside coppery-olivaceous, slightly swarthy, and shot with blue at 

 the base ;/(?rf7y?«i' with the apex very acute, with two rows of white submarginal spots, the 

 inner row rather large towards the apex, and violet-white ; with three discal dots behind the 

 extremity of the cell, and one costal spot, violet-white. Hindiving, with the costa white, two 

 series of white spots, the inner row towards th e apex a little the larger. The body swarthy, 

 abdomen bluish, and the /z^arf spotted with ochreous. Underside, paler ; ^rew/Mj- with two 

 series of spots, the inner apical, the outer continued ; one large internal spot, one costal, and 

 often two behind the end of the cell, roseate-white. Hindwing with two submarginal rows of 

 spots, and dotted with white at the base ; abdomen ashy, spotted with white in the middle." 

 (Butler, 1. c.) 



E, crassa, as we identify it, occurs in Rangoon in June ; and a number of specimens were 

 taken by Limborg in Upper Tenasserim in the cold weather. Three of these latter specimens, 

 now in the Indian Museum, Calcutta, have the submarginal row of spots on the upperside of 

 the forewing complete, but one of them shows indistinct traces of a discal series. Of five males 

 and four females taken by Dr. J. Anderson in the Mergui Archipelago in the cold weather, 

 three males and one female shew traces of a discal series of spots. See remarks on the follow- 

 ing species, E. erichsonii. 



42. Euplea erlCllSOIin, Felder. 

 E. ericksonii, Felder, Reise Nov., Lep., vol. ii, p. 324, n. 444 (1865). 



Habitat : Eastern Himalayas, Cachar, Burma. 



Expanse : 3*6 to 4*2 inches. 



Description : " Male :— The cilia striolated with white. Upperside, dilute bronzed or 

 rufescent-swarthy, the basal half deeper coloured and slightly tinted with violet in certain lights- 

 Forewing with a short interior silky streak ; eight submarginal spots in a row slightly bent 

 towards the costa, opalescent-white, dotted with violet round the edge, enclosing a small white 

 spot ; the three upper ones larger than the others, increasing in size from the costa, and placed 

 very close together ; the remainder decreasing in size. A marginal row of small white spots 

 placed in pairs between the nervules ; sometimes also two narrow violet-white spots outside 

 the end of the cell. Hindwing pale anteriorly, the costal margin pearly-white, with two 

 white spots ; also eight small external decreasing spots, and a marginal row of smaller spots, 

 all white. Underside, paler, with the submarginal spots as above, but whiter. Fore-.uing, 

 with the depressed internal spot, a subcostal spot, another median rather large, sometimes a 

 third above it, and two small ones beyond the cell, lilac-white ; the submarginal spots much 

 smaller than on the upperside, dot-shaped, and white. Hindwi7ig, with white spots at the 

 base ; the two upper of the external spots smaller than on the upperside, and one above these 

 dot-shaped ; the remainder larger than on the upperside, and whiter. Female : Uppersidk, 

 paler than in the male, the markings similar, often indeed larger (the lower submarginal ones 

 sometimes entirely absent or evanescent), but the marginal spots are sometimes dot-like. 

 Forewingy with an obsolete subcostal spot, violet." {,Felder, 1. c ) 



