NYMPHALID^. DANAIN/E. EUPLCEA. 6^ 



lobed ; also in the absence of the flesh-coloured patch on the hindwing. Tlie ochreous-white 

 markings are also more prominent. 



In Indian specimens on the forcwiur; the spots of the sulimarginal row increase from the 

 COsta to the first median nervulc, and the next interspace below contains two small adjoining 

 spots; the marj^inal scries is also complete in many specimens to the apex. A male specimen 

 taken by Mr. Otto Mdller in the Sikkim tarai in August has the upperside of the forewing 

 very pcrceptil)ly shot with blue ; the marginal rows of spots on both wings smaller, especially 

 the submarginaJ series on the forewing, the spot below the third median nervule in that series 

 being obsolete. 



This species on the upperside bears a very close resemblance to E. (ore, except in outline 

 of the forewing, and the flesh-coloured patch on the hindwing, which latter is concealed by the 

 inner margin of the forewing. On the underside it may be readily distinguished by the absence 

 of the spot in the cell of both wings, which are invariably present in E. core. The apex of 

 the forewing is more acuminate, and the inner margin much more convex ; both wings are 

 wider and more ample than in E. (ore. 



Our collections contain specimens taken at Trcvandrum in July by Mr. II. S. Fergnsson, 

 at Calicut in September, in the Wynaad by Mr. Rhodes Morgan, and from Bhadrachullum 

 taken by Mr. W. T. IJlanford. In the neighbourhood of Calcutta Mr. de Niceville has found 

 it common throughout the year. In Ceylon it has been " taken at Galle and Kandy by 

 Captain Wade." 



The figure shows the upperside of both sexes— the male on the left, the female on the 

 right, from specimens in the Indian Museum, taken near Calcutta. 



The next three species, E. vestigiata, E. novar(B, and E. kticogonys, and also E, eiinice 

 from Java, are closely allied. The true E, eiinice inhabits Java, and, according to the 

 original description, has only a submarginal row of violet spots, one subcostal, and one 

 interno-median spot on the forewing ; the Continental race from 15urma and Malacca, which is 

 referred to as E. vestigiata, further differs from the Javan species in having, in addition, 

 numerous spots on the disc of the forewing, and an incomplete marginal series from the hinder 

 angles of both wings ; but the extent to which these markings are developed dififers so greatly 

 in individuals, even from the same locality, that the Continental race can hardly be separated 

 with propriety. The Nicobar race agrees with the true E. ennice from Java in the absence of 

 the marginal series from both wings, but it has the spots on the disc even more largely developed 

 than in the Continental race. It is as yet a rare insect, and we have never seen a specimen, and 

 it is possible that when more specimens have been observed, this race may also be found to 

 vary as much as the Continental race does, in fact " Felder clearly defines this variability in his 

 description ;" in the meantime, as the Nicobar form may be peculiar, we have retained it as 

 distinct under the name E. tiovanc given to it by Feldcr. All these races have the wings shot 

 with brilliant blue in both sexes. 



48. EuplGoa veatigrlata, Butler. 



E, vestigiata, Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1866, p. 288, n. 58, fig. i, female; Calliplcea vestigiata, Butler. 

 Trans. Linn. Soc, Zoology, second series, vol. i, p. 53s, n. 2 (1876) ; Euplaea vestigiata, Diblaiu, Rhop. Malay., 

 p. 26, pi. iii, fi^s. 6 male, ■] female (1882). 



IIahitat : Upper Tenasserim, Penang, Malacca, Sumatra and Java. 



EXPAN.SK : 3'5 to 3-9 inches. 



Descuiption : Male : Upperside. — Forewing \xxi\ioxva. velvety blackish-brown (scarcely 

 perceptibly paler at hinder angle), shot throughout with deep but brilliant blue ; with a sub- 

 marginal series of prominent violet spots, a subcostal spot above end of the cell, and a broad 

 short streak of violet below the first median nervule. In one specimen the submarginal row 

 is incomplete, only four spots being present on the apical half, but in all the other specimens 

 examined the row is complete, and prominent as far as the first median nervule ; in addition to 

 the.se markings some specimens show a few small round marginal dots towards the hinder angle, 

 some have two short discal streaks below the discoidal nervule , some have a short streak 



