70 NV.MPHALID.^i. DANAIN^. EUPLCEA. 



Below the first median nervule is an oval longitudinal violet spot ; four submargiiial spots near 

 the apex, and a larger one between the first and second median nervules, violet, often white 

 centred ; a few minute marginal dots near the anal angle, also violet. Hindwin^ with four 

 white streaks from the base below the cell, followed by a short white dash tipped with violet, 

 a whitish patch near the base cut by the subcostal nervure ; the rest of the costal area rather 

 pale silky brown ; the exterior half black, shot with deep violet blue. Two small violet spots 

 just beyond the end of the cell, two submarginal spots beyond these, and two more near 

 the anal angle, and a few minute marginal dots (sometimes entirely wanting) from anal 

 angle, also violet. Underside brown, markings similar to those of the upperside, but 

 whiter. In i\it foretom^ the second spot below the white patch, which is usually 

 wanting on the upperside, is large and conspicuous on the underside ; the submarginal 

 spots are white, and the marginal series, which are violet, are more complete than on the 

 upperside, especially towards the apex. In the hindiuing, the whitish subcostal patch 

 is wanting, and in addition to the white streaks below the cell, there are three white 

 streaks in the cell, the upper one short, sometimes divided, the middle one longer and 

 narrow, the lower the broadest and longest ; a series of five streaks outside the cell. 



The above description is taken from a large series of specimens collected in Upper 

 Tenasserim, by Captain C. T. Bingham, and from a few collected in the Khasi hills by Mr. J. P. 

 Cock. In specimens from Sikkim, in Colonel Lang's collection, the white markings are alto- 

 gether larger and more prominent than in Burmese specimens. The Sikkim specimens also 

 average a good deal larger ; they are paler and browner, especially at the base of the forewing ; 

 the white spot outside the cell of forewing, between the second and third median nervules, 

 which is small or wanting in Burman specimens, is large and prominent in those from Sikkim, 

 giving a different character to the white band. The marginal blue spots at anal angle of 

 fore-Ming are more numerous, often as many as seven being present, while in Burman specimens 

 usually only two are visible, and apparently four is the maximum. On the hindwhi<^ all the 

 spots are larger, the submarginal series shows usually six from the anal angle instead of two, 

 and the marginal series has eight or ten, while in Burman specimens these latter are often 

 entirely wanting, always minute, and seldom if ever exceeding six in number. 



The FEMALE is paler and brown, not black, and shot with blue only on the outer half; 

 all the markings are larger, whiter, and more prominent. In the hindiving the cell has also three 

 large white streaks in it, occupying almost the entire area ; they are confluent in the specimen 

 figured, leaving only interrupted black streaks between. On the upperside the costal margin of 

 the hindiving is broadly white ; the marginal and submarginal spots on both wings are circled 

 with violet, and on the underside some are white, some are violet. The sexual spot is of 

 course wanting, though it is replaced in the Sikkim specimen figured by a pale streak of 

 grey scales. A single female sent by Captain Bingham from the Thoungyeen forests in 

 Tenasserim differs from Sikkim females precisely as in the males as far as the white markings are 

 concerned, but in it the blue gloss is scarcely perceptible at all, instead of being brighter as from 

 analogy it should have been. 



E. rhadamantkus is very common in North-Eastern India, from Sikkim to Tenasserim, 

 in hilly tracts at elevations of from 1,000 to 4,000 feet above the sea. In the Khasi 

 hills it is on the wing in the late autumn. In Upper Tenasserim, Captain C. T. Bingham 

 found it common between Meeawuddy and Kankarit in February, in the Thoungyeen forests 

 in March and April, and in the Donat range in April. The single female specimen referred 

 to above was taken in the Thoungyeen forests in the autumn. Mr. Wood-Mason took numerous 

 males and three females in Cachar from April to August ; and Dr. J. Anderson took males only 

 in the Mergui Archipelago in the cold weather. 



The figure shows the upperside of the male and female from Sikkim specimens in the 

 Indian Museum, Calcutta. 



