78 NYMPHALID^. DANAIN^. EUPLCEA. 



the cell and contiguous area also blue-glossed. The two marginal series of spots larger." 

 {Moore, 1. c.) The female differs from the male in having the inner margin of the 

 forewing straight, the apex roore rounded, and the outer margin slightly concave ; also in 

 lacking on the hindwing the large pale fuscous subcostal patch, which, in the males, covers the 

 anterior half of the cell. 



Seven males and a single female have been sent to us by Captain C. T. Bingham 

 from the Thoungyeen forests in Upper Tenasserim, the locality from which the type speci- 

 men of the species was taken by Limborg in 1876-77. Of these specimens one only has 

 the forewing swarthy and scarcely perceptibly paler externally ; all the others have the fore- 

 wing rufescent-brown rather than "cupreous-brown," and with the outer margin broadly 

 paler, and the basal three-fourths shot with bright blue ; in all the cell and contiguous area 

 of the hindwing is blue glossed ; the two marginal series of spots on this wing are prominent 

 and somewhat variable in size, and there can be little doubt that they all belong to the 

 species separated as E. cupreipennis by Moore. No mention is made in the original de- 

 scriptions of either this species or E. modesta of any spots on the upperside of the forewing ; 

 but in nearly all the specimens we have seen there are traces of white dots — in some a few mar- 

 ginal dots near the hinder angle, in others a more or less incomplete submarginal series, 

 in others one or two on the disc outside the cell, or one in the cell, or one subcostal, but 

 in all cases these dots, even when conspicuous, are small and so variable that no two speci- 

 mens appear to exhibit them to precisely the same extent. 



Dr. J. Anderson also took numerous specimens for the Indian Museum during the 

 cold weather in the MSrgui Archipelago. They present precisely the same differences as are 

 shown in the specimens taken by Captain Bingham. One pair have no spots whatever 

 on the upperside of the forewing. The females of E. cupreipetinis can be distinguished 

 from the same sex of E. mar^arita by their smaller size, and the discal spots on the upper- 

 side of the forewing, when present, being pure white instead of violet. We have seen no 

 specimens precisely answering to the description of E, modesta ; but E. cupreipennis, if distinct, 

 is evidently very closely allied to it, and it seems probable that both forms represent only 

 a single species, which should stand as E, modesta. 



60. Buploea bremerl, Fekier. 



E. breineri, Felder, Wein. Ent. Monatsch., vol. iv, p. 398, n. 16 (i860) ; id., Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 23, 

 pi. ii, fig. 4 (1882), male. 



Habitat : Mergui, Penang, Malacca, Singapore, Borneo, Sumatra. 



Expanse : 2 9 to 3*9 inches. 



Description : " Male : Upperside blackish-swarthy, with a marginal series of white 

 spots on both wings. Foreiving with two or four discal spots, and eight outer spots (the 

 fourth and fifth much larger), white. Hindwin« with an outer row of white dots more or less 

 obsolete. Underside, both wings swarthy, with the outer and marginal spots, as on upper- 

 side. Foreivino whitish inwardly, with a costal spot, and four others discal (one in the 

 cell). Hindwittg with six or seven discal spots (one in the cell), white. Very nearly allied 

 to E. crameri* (^Lucas, Moore'), but differing in the presence of the marginal spots of the 

 forewing, and the outer spots of the hindwing." (^Felder, 1. c.) 



Dr. J. Anderson met with this species very commonly in the Mergui Archipelago through- 

 out the cold weather. The males on the upperside of the forewing have usually four discal 

 spots, one subcostal just above the extremity of the cell, one in the cell, and one in each of 



• E. crameri, Lucas, Rev. Zool., 1853, p. 318. (Plate viii, fig. 15, male"). Habitat : Borneo. Expanse : 

 3'65 inches. Description : Male : " Upperside wholly velvety blackish-brown.havinj; a bluish tint, and slightly 

 paler on exterior marc;ins. Forewing^ with a short transverse row of six white spots from anterior margin, close 

 to apex, the tirst two small, the third large and longed, the fuurth the same size as the first, fifth and sixth very 

 small ; also a small spot near discoidal cell, between first and second median nervules. Hindwing with two small 

 white spots near anterior angle. Underside, clear deep brown. Forcivitig with white spots as on upperside, also 

 with three spots along costal margin, and some on the disc. Hindiuiiig, with a submarginal row of small white 

 spots, and some on the disc. " (Moore, Horsficld and Moore, Cat. Lep. E I. C, p. 129, n. 256 (1857). 



The figure is taken from a male specimen from Borneo in the Indian Museum, Calcutta, and shows the upper 

 and undersides. 



