NYMPHALID^. SATYRIN.'E. MYCALESIS. 121 



median ncivules ; it is small, and lacks tlic outer yellowish rin{j, but is promiiienlly white 

 pupillcd. The variations of the upi'iiUSiDK consist on Ihe /o>Y!t>in<; in the occasi(jnal presence 

 of a yellow iris to the ocellus, somclimcs very prominent, and sometimes placed on a square 

 lighter oatch of the ground-colour ; the occasional appearance of a minute subapical ocellus, and 

 the presence of a transverse ilark line more or less sharjily defining the darker basal area ; 

 and on tlie hindxi/iiii^, in the occasional appearance of one or more blackish spots, sometimes 

 faintly pupilleil with white, and placed between the median nervules ; these spots are more 

 frequent and more numerous in the females than in the males, but occur in both sexes. 



On the UNDKRSinii:, the variations are far greater. Typically the colour is dusky grey, 

 speckled with dark brown, darkest at the base, and palest near the outer margin ; there is 

 scarcely a trace of the subbasal line, and the discal transverse line consists of a series of fine 

 Ijlackish dentate marks, slightly margined outwardly with ochreous ; the submarginal dots on the 

 forewing are minute, white, those on the hindwing also minute, but distinctly ocellular, especially 

 the three nearest to the anal angle. In some specimens the ground-colour is paler throughout ; 

 the subbasal line is distinct, and the dark colour is distributed in patches on the base of the 

 wings, and in the forewing between the two lines, there being scarcely any trace of the ochreous 

 edging to the discal line. In others, the discal line is complete and prominently bordered with 

 ochreous sharply defining the basal area, which is uniformly dark in strong contrast to the 

 outer area, which is ochreous brown, more or less completely clouded with earth-brown 

 inwardly and grey outwardly ; but the variations in this respect are too numerous to define. 

 In others, again, the subbasal line is distinct, and the entire space between the two lines is 

 conspicuously darker than the rest of the wings. Finally in some specimens the ocelli are well- 

 developed, being even large on the hindwing, very black and minutely pupilled with white 

 but in all cases well-separated, and not enclosed in groups by sinuous lines, as are those of 

 M. tniiteus. 



Typical M. perseus is common in the neighbourhood of Calcutta, in Orissa, and 

 throughout the plains of Northern and Central India where there is sufficient moisture. It is 

 found almost throughout the year, and there are certainly numerous broods. 



In the Andamans M. pcrscus is very rare, the only three specimens as yet received and 

 which are in the Indian Museum, are considerably larger than the typical Indian ones, the 

 ocellus of the uppeiside is very large, with a narrow iris ; the underside is brown with an 

 ochreous tinge, the basal half being slightly, but perceptibly darker, and the fifth ocellus is 

 prominent on the hindwing, and very black. 



Specimens from Burma, where it is common, agree pretty closely with the continental 

 Indian specimens, and show much the same variations, but many have the discal line straighter, 

 narrowly, but distinctly bordered with ochreous, the subbasal line being indistinct and 

 very irregular, the tone of the underside paler grey, with a more distinctly ochreous 

 tinge throughout, in some much more ochreous than in others. 



In Travancore there is a variety which has been taken by Mr. H. S. Fergusson, with 

 the strice and subbasal line almost obsolete, the discal line nearly straight, and narrowly 

 edged outwardly with whitish, not ochreous, the outer area being distinctly and abruptly paler 

 than the basal area, but almost equally uniform in colouration. There is also a specimen 

 in the Indian Museum from the Wynaad, which is larger than typical specimens, has the apex 

 of the forewing more pointed, and in which the underside approximates to the variety iiidistans 

 (described further on) more closely than any specimens do which we have seen from North- 

 India. 



The FEMALE is similar to the male in colouration, but has the ocelli often more pro- 

 minent ; and the wings more rounded. It of course lacks the sexual pt)uch and tuft on the 

 hindwing. 



Var. visala. (Plate XVI, FiG. 52 <?). — '* With the apex of the forewing sharjily 

 angulated ; the undeksii>e with two transverse lines across both wings, the outer 

 line across the middle, the inner towards the base of the wing ; the row of dots minute, 



