NYMPIIAUD.E. SATYRlN.li. LETHE. 137 



scarcely, half the length of the forewing, very slender; terminated by a slender gradually 

 formed club, composed nf very short joints. Thorax very short, thick, and hairy. Abdomen 

 small. Forewing triangular-ovate ; costal margin strongly curved ; apex rounded ; outer margin 

 straight, or but little emarginate, about three-fifths of the length of the anterior margin ; inner 

 margin nearly straight, about as long as the outer margin. Costal nervure dilated at the base, 

 extending rather beyond the middle of the costa. Subcoshil ntxvwYQ with its first and second 

 branches arising before the anterior extremity of the discoidal cell, the third and fourth 

 beyond it, about the same distance apart as between the origin of the second and third 

 branches, and of the fourth branch and the tip of the wing. Upfier disco-cellular very 

 minute, oblique ; middle disco-cellular much longer, curved at the extremity, being directed 

 rather outwards ; loiaer disco-cellular longer than the middle one, nearly straight, also directed 

 obliquely outwards, uniting with the third branch of the median nervure at about the same 

 distance from its origin as exists between the first and second branches ; the third branch 

 being considerably angulated at the point of junction, whereby the discoidal cell is closed 

 somewhat acutely rather beyond the middle of the wing. Hindwing subovate, more or less 

 scalloped along the outer margin, which is generally deeply angulated, or rather shortly 

 tailed at the extremity of the third branch of the median nervure. Precostal nervure curved, 

 the tip directed outwards. Costal nervure extending to about two-thirds of the length of 

 the costa. First branch of the subcostal nervure arising at a moderate distance from its base, 

 the extremity extending to the outer angle of the wing. Upper and lower disco-cellular nervules 

 oblique, curved, of nearly equal length ; the upper one arising at a short distance from the 

 origin of the first branch of the subcostal nervure ; the lower one uniting with the median 

 nervure close to, or exactly at, the origin of the third branch, closing the discoidal cell in an 

 acute point. Forelegs very minute, and thickly clothed with long silky hairs. The tarsus 

 slender, as long as the tilDia, and destitute of joints or claws. Forelegs of the female rather 

 l(>nger than those of the male, slender, scaly, destitute of hairs, of nearly equal thickness 

 throughout ; the tarsal articulations concealed by scales ; obliquely truncate at the tip, M'here 

 are a few short spines, indicating the very short terminal joints. Middle and hindlegs rather 

 short, slender, scaly ; tibia but very slightly furnished with a few short spines ; tibial spurs rather 

 long ; tarsi nearly cylindrical ; basal joint half the length of the tarsus, with but a few very 

 short spines on the underside. Claws very much curved ; paronychia very slender." 



" The hairy eyes, slender elongated palpi, dilated base of the costal nervure of the forewing, 

 the middle and lower disco-cellular nervules of nearly equal length ; and the acute termination of 

 the discoidal cell of the hindwing are the chief characters of this genus." {Westwood, I.e.) 



This is an Indo-Malayan genus. The species are very numerous, and are widely spread, 

 though, except in East and South India, they seem entirely confined to the hilly regions. They 

 are for the most part brown on the upperside, often with a prominent white bar on the forewin"- 

 the underside being always ocellated, often richly variegated, though as a rule not so richly as 

 in Zophoessa ; and are of rather small size, seldom exceeding three inches in expanse. 

 They are chiefly found in forests and shady places amongst the undergrowth, settling on or 

 near the ground, or upon dead leaves. 



There are thirty-five species recorded from India. By far the largest number are found in 

 the Eastern Himalayas and Assam. One species only, Z. ewopa, seems very widely spread 

 as it occurs throughout India, Malayana, Java and China. L. rohria also has a wide range, as 

 it is found all along the Himalayas and on our eastern frontier, in Burma, Tenasserim and 

 again in Java. The others are local and many of them rare. The genus requires revision, but 

 the material at our command is not yet sufficient for the purpose ; of the thirty-five species 

 recorded we have specimens of only twenty-five, and even of these we have in many instances 

 only one or two, representing a single sex. 



The genus is divisable into two main groups, in the first of which the male insects possess 

 sexual glands, and tufts of hair on the wings, showing affinity in this point with Calites and 

 Mycalesis ; in the second group the male insects lack these characters, showing affinity with 

 Zophocs:a and Neope. The second group is further divisible into two subgroups, by the siiape 

 of the discoidal cell in the hindwiu':y. 



