NVMPHALID^T-:. SATYRIN^. • LETHE. 149 



(Butler, 1. c. in Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.) " Female : Upperside, witli the basal area ferru- 

 ginous. Forewitig with a small band beyond the cell, a bifid subapical spot ; and three [as in 

 Z. w/wre-rt! not twoas inZ. /wZ-^rn?] discal, submedian, in an angulate transverse row, white. 

 Hhukving with the ocelli circled widely with yellow ; a median angulate line black inwardly, 

 and yellow outwardly ; otherwise almost as in the male." (Bittler, 1. c. in Lep. Ex.) 



This appears to be a very rare species ; we have never seen a specimen. It differs from Z. 

 mekara in the male, in the outer area of the forewing lieiiig abruptly paler as shewn in the 

 figure (in Z. samio it is concolorous throughout), and in having five instead of four black 

 spots in the hiudwing. On the underside the central lines in Z. distmis are far more 

 irregular than they are in Z. mehara. The FEMALE differs on the tipperside of the hind- 

 -mug from Z. nu'kara in the basal ferruginous area being produced into a long curved point 

 at the third median nervule, and this area and the spots being outwardly defined with 

 yellow. 



134- Lethe chandica, Moore. 



Debts ehntuika, Moore, Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Lep. E. I. C., vol. i, p. zig, n 455 (1857). 

 Habitat : North-East India ; Tenasserim. 

 Expanse : (? , 2-5 to 3 o ; ? , 2'62 to 3*00 inches. 



Description : "Male : Upperside dark brown, about the disc blackish. Hhtd-cvitin- w\\h. 

 indistinct submarginal spots. Underside : Forewing pale drab-brown, and havino- a purple 

 tinge ; along costal margin, and broadly on exterior margin, yellowish ; transverse red line 

 crossing from middle of discoidal cell ; and another irregular brown line across the disc • five 

 pale ocelli ; straight marginal, and wavy submarginal line. Hindwing drab-brown two 

 irregular zig-zag transverse lines, anteriorly within yellowish, posteriorly ferruginous-brown • 

 six ocelli encircled with a yellow and brown line, the three anterior, and last posterior, black' 

 the other two drab, all minutely spangled with white ; exterior margin yellowish ; marginal line' 

 and submarginal row of ill-defined lunular marks, ferruginous-brown. Female : Upperside • 

 Fot-ezaing with the basal half obliquely brownish-red, anterior half brown, with a band obliquely 

 from middle of costal margin, terminated by two spots, white : also a small white subapical 

 spot. Hindiving brownish-red, anterior angle and along exterior margin yellowish, a sub- 

 marginal row of indistinct spots and marginal line black. Underside as in male, excepting 

 that the oblique band oi forewing is more distinct." {Moore, I. c.) 



Ltthe chandica is not uncommon in the lower valleys in Sikkim, where Mr. Otto Moller 

 has taken it in May, August, and October. It also occurs in the Khasi Hills and Sylhet. Mr. 

 A. O. Hume took it in the Eastern hills of Manipur in May ; Captain C. T. Bingham in the 

 Thoungyeen forests in Upper Tenasserim, in September ; and the late Mr. Cock took it at 

 Shillong. See remarks on Z. vickara, p. 148. 



135- Lethe europa, Fabricius. 



Pajiilio europa, Fabricius, Syst. Ent, p. 500, n. 247(1775); Oreas marntorea eiiropa, Hubner, Samml: 

 Exot. Schmett., vol. i, pi. xc, figs. 1-4 (1805) ; Lethe europa, id., Verz, bek. Schmett., p 56, n. 534 (1816) • 

 Satyrns europa, Godart, Enc. Meth., vol. ix, p 478, n. 6 (1819) ; Papilio beroe, Cramer. Pap. Ex., vol. i, pi. 

 Ixxix, figs. C, D (ijys), female; Papilio aiete, Cramer, Pap Ex., vol. iv. pi. cccxiii, figs. E, F (1780), fnale ; 

 Lethe arcuata, Butler, Cat. Lep B. M., SatyridcB, p. 114, n. 4, T^X.n, iig. z {'^^(^^), wale ; Lethe europa. 

 Distant, Rhop Malay., p. 43, pi. v, fig. 5, male, (> female {1882}. 



Habitat : The plains of India, Silikim, Burma, the Andamans, Malayana, and China. 

 Expanse : 2'4 to 3'o inches. 



Description : Male : Upperside dull brown. Forewing with an incomplete pale band 

 from the costa just beyond the cell, and coincident with the white inner band below, nearly 

 obsolete in some specimens ; a trifid whitish spot with a pale ochreous spot below it near the 

 apex ; two ochreous marginal ijiterrupted lines edged with dusky, broadly internally. Hind- 

 wing also with two ochreous marginal lines defined with dusky, broadly bordered with dusky 

 internally ; a row of submarginal black spots sometimes obsolete, that near the apex 



