NYMPHALID^. SATYRIN^. NEOPE. I7» 



describe in detail, including several ochreous spots outlined with daik brown, and between the 

 markings the ground-colour is irregularly and beautifully irrorated with lilac-white scales 

 throughout, grouped here and there into cloudy hands and lunular lines in Sikkim and Eastern 

 Himalayan specimens. The specimens taken at Kujiar in the Western Himalayas are smaller 

 and paler, with the ochreous spots much larger, and the markings of the underside on the 

 hindwing far less rich and prominent ; they are perhaps separable as a local subspecies, but 

 the differences are no greater than the colder and drier climate of the Western Himalayas 

 would account for. 



Major C. H. T. Marshall took N. pulaha at Kajiar, near Chamba, in April. Colonel 

 Lang took it in lower Kunawar at 7,000 feet elevation, and again at Narkunda near Simla 

 at about 9,000 feet elevation, and the Indian Musuem, Calcutta, has specimens from Mussoorie, 

 and Sikkim, and one taken by the Yunan Expedition. 



Regarding its habits. Colonel Lang notes as follows : — " I have only seen two specimens 

 of this species in two localities far apart in the interior of the Himalaya, in dark forests of Oak, 

 Sycamore, and Horse-chestnut, affecting shade and pitching on trunks of trees." (Ent. Month. 

 Mag., vol. i, p. 182 (1864). Mr. A. Graham Young writes of this species as follows :^ 

 " I have as yet never seen it but on the Tihir Pass and the Jamere Mountain, Kulu. On 

 the 2ist July, 1872, it was in smarms round an oak tree on the top of a stony ascent, called 

 Ghora Dik-Wallee." 



The figure shows the upper and undersides of a female specimen from Sikkim in the 

 Indian Museum, Calcutta. 



164. Neopo "bhadra, Moore. 



Lasiotnmaia ? bhadra and Eno^e bhadra, Moore, Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Lep. E. I. C, vol. i, p. 227, 

 n. 478(1857). 



Habitat : Sikkim, Assam. 



Expanse : 32 to 37 inches. 



Description : " Upperside blackish-brown, suffused with chocolate-brown at the base 

 of forewmg and along abdominal margin. Fomving v^'x'Cix two transverse bars within discoidal 

 cell, and two rows of spots across the wing yellowish, the lower inner spot being long. 

 Hind'ivi/tg with two rows of irregular-shaped spots, and small space about extremity of dis- 

 coidal cell deep ochreous-yellow, the last spot on each row near anal angle encircling a spot 

 of black. Underside dark brown, tinged in parts with pink. Fomoing with markings 

 as above, also with a subapical eye-spot, Hindiving with a series of seven ocelli, and 

 a smaller spot at abdominal angle ; base of the wing varied with pale ochreous-white 

 and dark brown markings." {.Moore, 1. c.) The female does not differ from the male 

 in markings. 



The underside of the hindwing is beautifully variegated ; there is a short greyish white 

 streak along the costa from the base, then a broad dark brown band perpendicular to the body ir- 

 regularly variegated with ochreous and lilac grey irrorated markings ; then a greyish white band 

 from the middle of the body to the costa, followed by a dark brown broad band below, which 

 bears a very irregular band of yellowish irrorations defined by yellowish lines, and the paler 

 ground-colour beyond on which the ocelli are placed, is irregularly irrorated with ochreous 

 and lilac-white ; the margin is brown, profusely irrorated with yellowish towards the anal 

 angle, and bears two sinuous dark brown lines, in addition to the extreme marginal line, which 

 is also dark brown. 



Mr. de Niceville found this species in profusion in the Great Runjit Valley, Sikkim, 

 in October. It settles on the road with closed wings, flying off into the jungle when disturbed. 

 The beautifully variegated underside of this species effectually hides it when settled, as is its 

 habit, amongst dead leaves. Mr. Otto Moller has also taken it in the neighbourhood of Darjil- 

 ing in May and June. 



