NYMPHALID.T:. SATVRIN.E. lIirPARCIIIA. iSj 



only far in the interior, and at liijih elevations wlierc naturalists can seldom get opportunities 

 of collecting. They are found on grass and rocky ground, and, with the exception of the 

 aberrant species //. farisa/is, beyond the limits of tree vegetation as a rule. 



E07 to tho Indian Spocics of Hipparchia.. 



A. Uppersicle sw.irtliy, with a conspicuous white band on tlic outer margin ; the underside of both wings 



concolorous, with prominent and perfect ocehi. 



176. H. PARiSATis, Western Himal.iyas, Afghanistan, Persia. 



B. Upperside brown, with the cih'a pale, but no prominent white border; the underside with the forewing 



more or less ferruginous or tawny on the disc ; the hindwing mottled and marbled, with a single 

 very minute ocellus, or with none at all. 



a. Upperside brown, without any broad submarginal fulvous fascia ; a single subapical ocellus on 



forewing. 



177. H. riMi'LA, Western Himalayas, Afghanist.in, IJeUichistan. 



b. Upperside brown, with several fulvous submarginal streaks forming a much interrupted band on 



both wings (obscure in the forewing of the male), Forewing with two equal-sized obscure 

 submarginal ocelli. 



17S. H. DIFFUSA, Western Himalayas. 

 C. Upperside brown, with a broad fulvous submarginal band on both wings. 



rt.i The fulvous band angulate on its inner edge in both sexe^, and bearing two equal- 

 sized ocelli on the forewing, with two luiute spots between them ; and a single 

 minute subanal ocellus on the hindwing. 



179- H. THELEPHASSA, Beluchistan. 

 *.' The fulvous band with its inner edge straight on the forewing in the male, angulate 

 in the female ; bearing two ocelli (often blind) with or witliout two black spots 

 between them on the forewing, and one (sometimes two) minute subanal ocelli on 

 the hindwing. 



180. H. BALDIVA, Western Himalayas. 

 <:.' The fulvous band broader, with its inner edge angled on the forewing in both sexes ; 

 otherwise as in H. baldiva, but paler, and usually without the subanal ocellus on 

 hindwing. 



i8i. H. LEHANA, Western Himalayas, 

 rf.' The fulvous band regular and sharply defined on both wings, and bearing a single 

 subapical ocellus on forewing ; none on hindwing. 



182. H. niGNA, Western Himalayas. 



f.' The fulvous band defined with dark lunules, narrow on the hindwing, and further 

 from the margin in both wings than in H. baldiva. and H. Ichana ; bearing two 

 prominent black spots on the forewing, none on the hindwing. 



183. H. HUEBNERT, Western Himalayas. 

 d. Forewing fulvous with brown margin. 



184. H. CADESIA, Western Himalayas. 

 C. Upperside blackish-brown with creamy-white markings. 



a. With a creamy-white patch in the cell of the forewing. 



185. H. SHANDURA, Westem Himalayas. 



b. With no creamy-wliite patch in the cell of the forewing. 



186. H. ANTHR, Afghanistan, Persia. 



In this genus the sexual mark in the males presents a good deal of variation ; typically it 

 is a streak of thickly set differently formed scales on the forewing as in Amcccra, but much 

 wider, and extending into the discoidal cell ; but we are unable to base the arrangement on this 

 structural feature at present as the males of H. diffusa, H. dig7ia, 11. /nie/>iiert, //. cadesia, 

 and H. shaiuhira, are not represented in our collections. The most remarkable deviation from 

 the type in this respect is // ihelephassa, in which the sexual streak almost entirely fills the dis- 

 coidal cell, and bears a deep black patch irrorated and often entirely concealed with greyish- 

 brown scales. The form of the antennae too varies greatly. In H. pinipla, II. digna, and 

 U. cadesia they are gradually clavate ; in //. thch-phassa and //. shandura the club is very short 

 and abruptly formed like a rounded knob, while //. baldiva and //. Ichana have the club as 

 abruptly formed, but much more elongate. 



The first species, H. parisatis, is the largest of all the Indian Hipparchias, and differs so 

 widely in colour and style of markings, more especially in the presence of prominent perfect 



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