2o8 NYMPHALID.F.. SATYRIN.E. EPINEPHELE. 



diagonal fascia, outwaiilly dciitated [the usual male mark]. Underside: Fo>-e7c>i/i^ paler, 

 lionlered with cinereous, the round spots fuscous, pupilled with white (the lower one blind 

 in the male). Hituhviiig cinereous, irrorated with fuscescent, two subanal black dots circled 

 with dilute grey." {Alp/uhaAy, 1. c). In the figures the basal area of both wings is clouded 

 darker on the upperside, especially in the female ; the hindwiug on the underside has a 

 distinct dark median line, and an indistinct submarginal and abbreviated basal line. The 

 underside is very similar to that of E. fuhliia, but the forciving has two black spots, and 

 the hindxo'wg has the markings prominent. 



The next group in which the males lack the sexual mark altogether appears to be confined 

 to the Western Himalayas and Central Asia, and is perhajis wortliy of generic separation. 



Eo7 to the Indian Species of Epinephelo. 



Second Group. 

 B. Males with no perceptible brand on the upperside of the forewing. 



a. Underside, hindwing brown, with numerous darker striai and three irregular 

 transverse more or less conspicuous dark lines. 



a'. Upperside with the forewing fulvous, narrowly margined with brown ; 

 and with no trace of a discal line. 



196. E. 1>UI-CHELLA, Western Himalayas. 



b^. Upperside, forewing fulvous with broader brown margin and narrow 

 indistinct discal line. 



197. E. NEOZA, Kashmir. 



c'. Upperside, forewing brown, more or less distinctly irrorated with 

 fulvous except on the margins ; the fulvous patch when distinct 

 divided by a broad dilTused transverse discal line. 



198. E ruLCHRA, Western Himalayas. 



b. Underside, hindwing ferruginous brown, with yellowish irregularly disposed spots 

 and blotches. 



a*. Male with two ocelli on upperside of forewing ; underside of hind- 

 wing in both sexes with dark interrupted discal line, and with the 

 basal area darker. 



199. E. ctENONYiMPHA, Western Himalayas. 



i'. Male with upperside unspotted ; or with only a single subapical 

 minute indistinct black spot ; underside, hindwing with the ground- 

 colour uniform, no submarginal ocelli. 



200. E. MAIZA, Kashmir. 



c'. Male unknown ; female with an incomplete row of submarginal ocelli 

 on the underside of hindwing. 



201. E. GOOLMUBGA, Kashmir. 



196. Epinephelo pulchella, Feldcr. (Plate XV, Fig. 40 $, left hand half.) 



E. /K/t7jf//rt, Felder, Reise Novara, Lep., vol. iii, p. 490, n. 847, pi. l.\ix, fig. 16 (i8C6), 7>tale ; id., 

 Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1874, p. 566. 



Habitat : Western Himalayas, Spiti, Ladak. 

 Expanse : i -6 to i -9 inches. 



Description : " Male : Upperside brown. Forennng with a large discal patch extending 

 to the base, fulvous ; a blackish spot near the apex. IJiiuhuing unmarked. Underside much 

 paler. Fore-wing with the patch of the upperside but more restricted, deeper coloured, the 

 black spot of the upperside larger, circled with a broad diffuse ochraceous iris, often bearing 

 a white dot ; the costal and external margins around the patch irrorated with hoary and 

 variegated with fuscous, a fuscous streak often composed of dentate lunules defining the outer 

 edge of the patch. Hindwing variegated with hoaiy and covered with fuscous strirc ; a basal and 

 a discal streak very flexuous, and a third submarginal, macular, blackish-fuscous, more or less 

 conspicuous. Fe.male. Fornving with the patch paler. Upperside with the blackish subapical 

 spot larger, circled with dilute fulvous ; sometimes with another smaller spot between the first 

 and second median branches." {Felder, 1, c.) 



