NYMPHALID^. SATYRIN.E. YFTHIMA. 215 



There is a species of Yptlnma which occurs in Shillong, ami whicli we for tlie present 

 identify under this name ; cliiefiy because a variety of Y. tnolschiilskii from North India is 

 mentioned by Mr. Butler in the Catalogue of the Satyridic in the British Museum (p. 148) ; it is at 

 once distinguished from all other species having only three ocelli on the underside of the hind- 

 wing, by the presence of a sexual brand on the forexvitig of the male placed along either side 

 of the median nervure, which though concolorous with the rest of the wing, is easily seen 

 on holding up the insect against the light, owing to the much greater density of the clothing 

 of scales ; the ui'persiue is more uniform in colour than in Y. nareda and its allies, 

 with no trace of a dark submarginal line, and the colour is more fuliginous. On the underside 

 too the colour is quite uniform rufous brown, covered throughout very finely and densely with 

 cinerascent-ochreous stria;, with no bands or patches of any kind free from striation ; 

 the ocelli are as in Y. tiareda, but rather smaller. The yl'/^ic'///^'' is more triangular and the 

 outer margin less convex than in Y. nareda. 



Typical K motsc/mlskii, as figured by Menetries from Pekin, has the underside clouded 

 with whitish, especially on the hiiuhoiug as in Y, paiidoais, but it, as well as the Indian 

 variety here described, differs from Y. pandocus in having only a single ocellus on the upper- 

 side of the hiiid-wiug, and further in having the ocellus on the upperside of the forewittg 

 geminated rather than bipupilled. The Indian specimens measure i '55 inches in expanse. 



We have only as yet received specimens from Shillong, where it has been taken by Dr. E. 

 R, Johnson in March, April, May and July, who writes that "it flies faster than Y. nnvnra, 

 frequents more open spaces, and is rather uncommon ;" the FEMALE flies in May, and is 

 somewhat larger, paler, and on the UPPERSIDE with traces of the whitish striation so con- 

 spicuous in Y. m-ivara ; on the underside it is equally uniform in colour and striation as the 

 male, but the striation is coarser and the ocelli are larger. 



203. YptMma methora, Hewitson. 



Yphthima tnet/wra, Hewitsoii, Trans. Eat. Soc. Lond., third series, vol. ii, p. 291, n. 19, pi. xviii, figs ;o, 21 



Habitat : North India, Upper Burma. 



FxPANSE : 2 inches. 



Description : "Female: Upperside brown, undulated with grey towards the outer 

 margins ; the outer margins and cilia rufous-brown, traversed by a grey line. Formving with one 

 very large two-pupilled ocellus on both sides. Htndtui iig w'lih. five ocelli, all black, with pupils 

 dull silver, with irides rufous, narrow. Underside grey, closely undulated throughout with 

 rufous-brown. Both 2uii:gs crossed at the middle by a curved rufous band. J/iiidzci /ig w'ah 

 six ocelli in pairs ; the pupils of bright silver ; the irides orange-yellow. Nearest to Y. sakia, 

 but of very different aspect." {Heioitson, 1. c.) 



The only distinctive feature in the above description is the single curved rufous band 

 crossing both wings on the underside. Ihere are three males in the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 

 taken by the Yunan Expedition which, allowing for the difference in sex, correspond well 

 with Hew itson's figure of this species. They are over two inches in expanse (2-1 to 2-2), 

 and are distinct from Y. philomela, aberrant specimens of which sometimes equal them in 

 size ; but they belong to the same group, and have a distinct sexual mark on the forcivitig. 

 They are more rufous in tone than Y. philomela ; the striation of the underside is much more 

 uniform and bolder ; and the subbasal fascia is entirely absent, the submarginal scarcely 

 traceable, and the median one alone distinct, but even that not so distinct as in Y. philomela. 



Further, although Hewitson in his original description describes the ocelli of the upper- 

 side of the hindwing as pupilled with dull silver, in his figure, and also in all the threi: 

 specimens in the Indian Museum, they are entirely blind, though large and prominent, and 

 this seems in reality the most striking feature of the species. 



29 



