224 NYMPIIALID.E. SATYRINiE. YPTHIMA. 



212. Tphthima ariaspa, Moore. 



Yjihthima ariaspa, Moore, Proc. Zool. See. Lond.,'iS74, p. 568. 



Habitat : Punjab, Central India. 



Expanse : i*i to i"4 inches. 



Description : "Male : Upperside dark brown. Foreiving^'i'Cn.z subapical bipupilled 

 ocellus. Hmo'iwwo- with a small subanal ocellus. Underside whitish grey, with numerous 

 narrow brown uniform prominent strigat. Forauing with the ocellus as above. Uimhviiig with 

 a single large subapical ocellus, and two smaller ocelli from anal angle" 



"This species is similar in appearance to Y. nareda ; the ocelli of the upperside are 

 smaller, the ground-colour of the underside being much paler, more uniformly covered with 

 strigse, and without transverse brown fasciae." (Moore, 1. c. ) 



We have only seen Y. atiaspa at present from Mhow in Central India, where it was taken 

 by Colonel C. Swinhoe in May, and again in November. It differs from Y. molschiilskii, 

 the only other species in which the underside is uniformly coloured and striated 

 throughout, by having the underside whitish with brown striae coarser and prominent, 

 instead of rufous brown with very fine yellowisii strias ; and more conspicuously by the male 

 being entirely devoid of the sexual streak of the forewing. The tone of the upperside which 

 is equally uniform is fuscous, not fuliginous. The wings are rounded as in Y. nareda, but it is a 

 smaller insect. 



A small variety of this species has also been taken by Colonel Swinhoe at Mhow in Novem- 

 ber ; it differs not only in size, but in its generally darker tone. On the underside the ground- 

 colour is lufous-grey, rather than whitish-grey, but with the same uniform prominent brown 

 striae ; the ocelli of the underside are much smaller, minute in two, and scarcely visible in one 

 specimen j and in one specimen the ocellus on the upperside of the hindwing is altogether 

 absent. 



213. Ypthima asterope, KiUg. 



Hipparchia asterope, Kliig, Symb. Phys., pi. xxix, figs 11— 14 (1832) ; Yphthima asterope, Hewitson, 

 Trans Ent Soc. Lend , third series, vol. ii, p. 283, n. i .(1864). 



Habitat : India, Java, China, Syria, Africa. 

 Expanse : i'2S to i'5o inches. 



Description : Upperside : " Wings fuscous. Forewing wiih. a single ocellus. Under- 

 side cineraceous, undulated with rufous. Ilmdzvhtg with three ocelli, pupilled with silvery." 

 (Hewitson, 1. c). The ocellus of i\\Q forewiitg \s of course present on the underside also, and 

 has almost always two silvery pupils. On the upperside the hindwing is sometimes immaculate, 

 often with a single small subanal ocellus, and occasionally with three, the upper and lower very 

 minute. The female is somewhat larger and paler coloured than the male, but its markings 

 are similar. 



"This species may be easily known from all others by the circular band of brown which 

 passes round the ocellus on the underside of the forewing, as well as by a rufous space (some- 

 times clouded with brown), below the said circular band free from undulations. As will be seen 

 from the localities quoted, it is widely distributed, and differs considerably in size. Y. norma, 

 of West wood, [Gen. D. L., vol. ii, pi. Ixvii, fig. i, 1851], from China, I believe to be only a 

 small variety of this species, darker, and wanting the ocellus on the upperside of the forewing ; 

 [hindiuing is evidently meant ; Westwood's figure shews an ocellus on the upperside of the 

 forewing, but none on the hindwing] there are similar varieties from the Holy Land. 

 Specimens from Calabar and Natal do not differ from those of Europe [?], except in having the 

 ring of brown which encircles the ocellus of the forewing more distinctly marked above, as in 

 Y. norma, and in having the underside more clouded with rufous striae." (Heivilson, 1. c.) 



Y. asterope\% a wide spread and somewhat variable species ; the ocelli of the underside are 

 smaller than in any other species with only three ocelli on the underside of the hindwing, often 



