230 NYMPHALID.^. SATYRIN^. YPTHIMA. 



We have never seen T. rohhtsoni, but from the descrijition it appears to approximate very 

 closely to Y. yphihivioides, if indeed the two descriptions do not apply to one and the same 

 species. 



No indication of difference between the sexes is given, nor is any mention made of the 

 presence or absence of the sexual patch on the foiewing of the male ; in all probability this 

 mark is absent as in F. hiiebneri. 



221. Tpthima 7phtliimoid.es, Moore. 



Callerebia yf.h'moiiics, Moore, Trans. Eiit. Soc. Lond., 1881, p 307. 

 Habitat : Hills of Travancore, South-India. 

 Expanse: ^, i'5to i'Q; $, i "9 to 2-0 inches. 



Description: " Male and Female : Upperside dark olive-brown. Foreioing with a 

 bipupilled ocellus encircled by a narrow indistinct orange-yellow border. Ilindwing with two 

 small subanal ocelli. Underside numerously covered with grey strigoe. Fore-ccnng with the 

 ocellus as above, and a slight brownish submarginal and a discal fascia. Hindzving with 

 three broader and more distinct transverse fasciae, a small apical ocellus and four lower, 

 smaller, decreasing ocelli." (Moore, I.e.) 



Originally described as a Callerebia, but the arrangement of the subcostal nervules of the 

 forewing is as in Tpthima to which it certainly belongs ; the colour approaches that of a Cal- 

 lerebia, but the markings are those of an Ypthima. The genus Callerebia is restricted in India 

 to the Himalayas and outlying ranges. 



Mr. Fergusson writes from Trevandrum : " Ypthima yphthJmcides is to be found on the hills 

 here only on grass land near the tops of the hills. The specimens I got were from two localities- 

 one a small patch of grass about an acre in extent, at an elevation of 3,500 feet, and the other 

 on a grass hill called Pon Mudi (golden hill) about 3,000 feet ; here they were fairly abundant." 

 It also occurs in April at Colathoorpolay Patnas, 4,000 feet, Travancore. 



In the nine males which Mr. Fergusson has sent us there is no variation on the upperside, 

 but on the underside of the hindwing in one specimen there are two additional ocelli, placed 

 one on either side of the discoidal nervule, and in one female on the upperside of the hindwing 

 there are two additional small geminate ocelli at the anal angle ; and in another female there 

 are three further additional small ocelli placed above the two large median ocelli, making seven 

 in all. On either side of the outer dark fascia on the underside of the hindwing there are 

 two pale, almost white fascire, in fresh specimens. 



222. YptMma singala, Feider. 



yj>hihima singala, Feider, Vehr, zool.-bot Gesellsch., vol. xviii, p. 283 (1868) ; Ypthima singala, Moore, 

 Lep. Cey., p. 24, pi xii, figs. 3, 3<t (1S80), male. 



Habitat : Ceylon, India. 



Expanse : i"3 to I'S inches. 



Description: "Male: Upperside brown. Mittdwi?tg [typically immaculate] with 

 one, sometimes two, small, indistinct, subanal spots encircled with yellow. Underside 

 cinereous, numerously covered with short brown strigoe. Forewing with transverse indistinct 

 brown discal and marginal band, and a prominent bipupilled ocellus. Hindwing with six 

 [five in the figure, the uppermost being absent] small well-formed ocelli disposed in regular 

 linear order, the first upper being very minute. Female : Uppersice : Forewing with a 

 subapical bipupilled ocellus. Hindwing with three small subanal ocelli. Underside 

 as in the male." {Moore, 1. c.) 



Felder's original description* is given in comparison with Y. lysandra, Hewitson, nee 



* Y. sitigala, Kelder. Dksckiption : " Malb a little larger than }' lysandra, Hewitson, nee Cramer. 

 Fo'-euiing with the apex, liindwiiig with the anal angle more produced, the disco-cellular nervules of the 

 forewing more oblique, and, therefore, the upper angle of the cell more drawn back UlTKRSirjF, loth wings 

 (in our specimen) immaculate. UndbrsidB pale hoary, much more densely and uniformly striated with fuscous. 

 ^orfTMH?- with an ocellus with narrower u is than in that species. Hindviug- \\\\.h (we small ocelli, three lower 

 in the same line, the second (below the second subcostal branch) and tlic fourth (between the first and the second 

 median branches) a little larger." (Feider, I.e.). 



