266 NYMPH ALIDiE. ELYMNIIN.E, ELYMNIAS. 



E. timandra is quite distinct from every other Indian Elymnias, so far as its markings 

 are concerned, but in outline of the wings it is identical with D. peali (see next genus Dyctis). 

 Of those species without blue markings on the upperside, £. caudata may be distinguished by 

 its submarginal series of white spots on the forewing, and E. cottottis by its less dentate and 

 caudate outline, and the complete absence of markings on the upperside and of ocelli on the 

 underside. Males of E. undtilaris, E. fratenia and E. cottottis have a patch of scales on the 

 uppertlde of the forewing at the base of the interspace between the median and submedian 

 nervures, which are loosely attached to the wing membrane, and easily removed by a camel's 

 hair paint brush. Mr. Butler pointed out this feature (Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1871, p. 519), 

 calling it a " patch of thickened scales," but did not state in what species it occurred : it is 

 not a very conspicuous feature, nor is its morphological value clear, but so far as we know it is 

 confined to E. undtdaris and its allies, being much more marked in the typical species than 

 in the others. 



The habits of the species of Elymnias are as in the subfamily. 



256. Elymnias iindiilaris, Drury. {Plate xvii, Fig. 59 c? ? ). 



Piipilio undularls, Drury, 111. Ex. Ent., vol. ii, pi. x, figs, i, 2 (1773), male; id., Cramer, Pap. Ex. , 

 vol. iii, pi. cclvi, figs. A, B (ijji)), male ; Biblis iindularis, Godart, Enc. M^th., vol, ix, p. 326, n. 2 (1819) ; 

 Melanltis undularis, Horsfield, Cat. Lep. E. I. C, pi. viii. figs. 8, larva; Za,pupa; Zb-%h. stnccture of imago 

 li82g) , Elymnias undularis, WMace, Trans. 'Ent. Soc. Lond., 1869, p. 322, n. i; E. jynx, Hubner, Ex- 

 Schmett., figs. 37, 38 (1818), male; Papilio protogenia, Cramer, Pap. Ex., vol. ii, pi. clxxxix, figs. F, G 

 (\jTj), female ; Biblis protogenia, Godart, Enc Meth., vol. ix, p 327, n. 5 (1819). 



Habitat ; North-Eastern and Central India, Burma, Java. 

 Expanse : 2*3 to 3*4 inches. 



Description : Male : Upperside dark velvety blackish brown. Fortiuing with 

 bluish irrorated striae along the costal margin, and a curved submarginal series of bluish 

 irrorated spots one on each interspace, elongate near the apex, rounded below the lower dis- 

 coidal nervule. Hindiaiug with the outer margin broadly suffused with dark ferruginous. Cilia 

 short, whitish. Underside brown, slightly paler on the outer half, especially on the hindwing, 

 and covered with coarse confluent chestnut-brown undulations ; some greyish-white irrorations 

 on the outer half of the costa of the forewing ; and others forming an indistinct and incomplete 

 submarginal nebulous band on the hindwing. A prominent whitish subcostal spot on the 

 hindwing. 



This species is subject to considerable variation ; the typical form described above occurs 

 most frequently in North-East Bengal and Burma, but neither this nor any of the variations from 

 it in the male insect which occur in India, appear to be peculiar to any locality or range. On 

 the upperside the violet blue spots of the forewing vary in intensity, in some specimens those 

 near the apex are coalesced into a subapical band, w?dle in others the spots are all separate and 

 distinct ; on the hindwing the outer border varies from dull dark furruginous to bright pale 

 ferruginous, sometimes quite unmarked, rarely divided by dark nervules, sometimes with a paler 

 spot on each interspace ; these spots are in some specimens very pale ferruginous, in others they 

 are irrorated with pure white, and in some the spot nearest the costa is blue, like those on 

 the forewing. On the undf.rside the most frequent variation is in the whitish irrorations of 

 the costa of the forewing being coalesced into a prominent sharply-defined triangular patch with 

 its apex near the lower discoidal nervule ; and the outer half of the wings is often also 

 distinctly paler, tinged with grey and sparingly marked with fine chestnut undulations ; rarely 

 there is a submarginal series of whitish spots on the hindwing. 



The FEMALE is coloured something after the style of Danais chiysippHs ; on the upperside 

 tho ''■rrihing is blackish-brown, with a large tawny patch on the lower half, occupying the lower 

 half of the cell, the interno-median interspace almost to the margin, the lower median interspace 

 to not quite so far, and the basal area of the two next interspaces above it ; some white 

 transverse strice on the costa, a broad subapical white transverse band, followed by three decreasing 

 white spots one below each median nervule. The hindwing is tawny, broadly bordered with 

 blackish-brown, on which are three or four large round white submarginal spots. Underside 



