NYMPHALID.E. ELYMNIIN^. ELYMNIAS. 267 



coloured as on the uppeiside, but paler and more suffused, the white markings represented by a 

 nebulous band on both wings expanding at the apex of the foiewing more or less distinctly into a 

 triangular patch as in the male; the whole area of both wings being coarsely undulated with 

 chestnut-brown most densely on the darker portions. The female too is subject to variation J 

 in Burman specimens the hiiidwing is often suffused more or less, (sometimes entirely, the tawny 

 colour being wholly displaced), as in Danais alcippus with white on both sides over the whole 

 tawny area ; on the underside the subcostal whitish spot is sometimes prominent, often totally 

 absent ; in some specimens from Calcutta the underside is more like that of the male ; the basal 

 area is darker ; beyond this there is a distinct paler band, and then the dark border on the 

 margin ; the whitish triangular patch near apex of forevving is distinct, and the spots near the 

 outer margin of both wings are distinct and well separated. 



E. undiilaris is the common Elymnias of Northern India ; and is the most wide-spread of 

 all the species ; it is common in the warm valleys of the outer Himalayas, as far east as Mussoorie 

 at all events. In Bengal, where the rainfall is heavy, it extends into the plains, and is found 

 in Assam, Sylhet, Eastern Bengal and along the East Coast as far south as Rajahmundry on 

 the Godavari at all events ; and it also occurs in the Deccan ; to the south and south-west it is re- 

 placed by another species, E. catidata ; on the east it extends through Arakan and Tenessarim. 

 In the Malay Peninsula it appears to be replaced by E. discrepaus and E, nigrescens, as it is 

 not included in Distant's Rhopalocera Malayana, but it re-appears in Java with but little modifi- 

 cation from the original type. Like all other species of the genus it affects bush jungle 

 and shady undergrowth. 



The figure shows the upperside of both sexes from specimens taken at Calcutta. A struc- 

 tural figure of the imago of this species is also given on Plate I, copied from Horsfield's plate. 



257. Elymnias tinctoria, Moore. 



E. tinctoria, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lend., 1878, p. 826. 



Habitat : Meetan, 3,000 feet, April ; Moolai, 3,000 to 6,000 feet ; Upper Tenasserim. 



Expanse : 3 inches. 



Description: "Allied to E. tindularis ol India. Male: Upperside dark blue- 

 black, the marginal blue spots on the forewing larger ; the border of the hindwing dusky 

 purple, with a series of small white spots. Female with prominent blue-black borders and 

 white markings." {Moore, 1. c.) 



We have never seen this species ; of all the numerous specimens of E. undularis we have 

 received from Tenasserim none have the border of the hindwing " dusky purple ;" in all it is 

 some shade of ferruginous, and none of them are separable from E. tindularis. 



Two more varieties of this species have been separated under the names of E. discrepaus. 

 Distant*; and E. nigrescens, Butlerf, both of them occur in the Malay Peninsula ; the males 



* Elynttiias discrepiiJts, Distant, Ann. and Mag. of Nat Hist., fifth series, vol. ix, p. 397 (1882). Habitat : 

 Penang, Province Wellesley. Expansk : 270 to 2^95 inches. Desckiption : "Male: UpPERSinE, y<7ff7w«^ 

 blackish, with the following bright bluish markings : — a short portion of the costal area about apex of the cell con- 

 tinued in a subapical oblique fascia to the luwer discoidal nervule, and followed by four submarginal spots, 

 placed between the nervules ; the outer margin shaded with castaneous-brown. Hindwin' blackish, but some- 

 what paler than the forewing, and with a broad castaneous-brown marginal band. Underside, both wings 

 castaneous-brown, thickly mottled with pale strigse. Forewing with a more or less distinct pale apical area, 

 which is continued along the outer margin. Himi'Miiig with a more or less distinct, pale, broad, and 

 irregular submarginal fascia, and with a very pale bright bluish spot near the costa, situated between the subcostal 

 nervules (this spot is sometimes absent) Body and legs more or less concolorous with the wings. Antennte 

 variable in hue, sometimes stramineous, mottled with brown above and pale stramineous beneath ; or fuscous above 

 and stramineous mottled with brown beneath, with the ape.\ pale stramineous. Fkmalk : Upperside, /orezving 

 as in the male, but with a large ocliraceous basal area, which occupies the lower portion of the cell, the greater part 

 of the space between the second median nervule and the submedian nervcire, and terminates near the end of the 

 cell and the bases of the third and second median nervules ; the subai.ical fascia and suhmarginal spots larger and 

 paler blue in colour. Hindiuing -p-aSe. fuscous, becoming paler and shaded with dull ochraceous towards the outer 

 margin, and with a more or less distinct pale submarginal spot, situated between the discoidal and third median 

 nervules. Undeksidb much paler thaw in the male. Forewing ochraceous near the inner margin. H indwing 

 with a very broad and well-defined pale marginal fascia, and with a very pale bluish spot, situated as in the male. 

 Body and legs more or less concolorous with the wings." (Distant, Khop. Malay., p. 60, pi. vi, figs. 2, male ; 

 2,, female (1882), 1. c ) 



t Elytnnias nigrescens, Butler, Proc Zool. Soc. Lond., 1871, p. 520, n. 2, pi. xlii, fig. i. Habitat: 

 Malay Peninsula, Billiton. Borneo. Exp.vnse: Male, 29; /-Vwd/e, 2"9 to 31 inches Description: "Male: 

 Uppeu and undersidk, both wings resembling those of the male oi E. diso epans, but with the bluish sub- 

 apical fascia and submarginal spots considerably larger. (In some specimens, and notably a Bornean one in the 

 collection of the British iMuscum, the hindwing has the pale submarginal spots, as fouud in most females ; these 



