NYMPHALID^. ELYMNIINyE. ELYMNIAS. 269 



grey, the outer margins broadly undulate with grey and brown. Foeivit/f^ with a large tri- 

 angular grey spot, undulate with brown near the apex. Himhuitig with a white spot near the 

 middle of the costal margin. Female like the male, except that it is much larger and paler, 

 and that the foreiviiig has, on the upperside, some grey spots on the costal margin. I 

 prefer to consider this a distinct species rather than to place it as a variety of M. [£■.] 

 undularis. Both sexes are alike, are without spots, and have a broad rufous margin. 

 {^ErLi<itson,\. z.) This species evidently belongs to the «W«/rt!m group, as it has, like that 

 species and E. fratenia, a patch of loosely attached scales at the base of the interspace between 

 the median and submedian nervures on the upperside of the forewing of the male. 



"Hewitson states that the sexes are alike in this species, but the three females before 

 us have the outer margins on the upperside of both wings lighter, with a more or less distinct 

 submarginal rounded-angulate macular band in Wio. forewing, corresponding to the band of blue 

 spots in the male of E. undularis, and in two specimens two, and in the other four, distinct 

 whitey-brown spots, the blurred pupils of the obsolete ocelli of the underside showing through, 

 on the hindwing. Underside much lighter than in the male, the subapical triangular patch of 

 lilacine ground-colour in ihtforeiuing, and the submarginal lilacine ground of boik jvings, but 

 especially in the /«Wi<y/«g, being whiter, and consequently more distinct than in the male; 

 there are also six pupils of ocelli instead of one distinctly traceable, and the anastamosing 

 chestnut striation besides being lighter is less confluent. The female, in fact, much resembles 

 the male of E. undularis. Hewitson makes no mention of the beautiful rich deep plum- 

 colour which suffuses the dark parts of the upperside in both sexes almost equally, nor of the 

 faint red-violet reflections emitted by the light borders. Danais chrysippus, the model of the 

 females of the allied continental form, has not yet been detected at Port Blair." (Wood' 

 Mason and de Nicevillc, I.e.) 



This species is apparently common at Port Blair, but it does not occur at the Nicobar 

 Islands. Mr. de Roepstorff has sent us numerous specimens taken in all the months between 

 April and August. 



260. Elymnias penanga, Westwood. 



Melanitis penanga, Westwood, Gea. D. L., p 6,0^, -a, g, note (1851); Melaniiis vichida, Hewitson, Ex. 

 Butt , vol. iii, pL Melanitis, figs. 2 and 3 (1863), male ; Elymnias mehida, Wallace, Trans. Ent. See. Lend., 

 1869, p. 323, n. s; id., Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1871, p. 523, n. 16; Elynmias petiaiiga, Wallace, 1. c, 

 p. 325, n. 9 ; id., Butler, 1. c, p. 521, n. 8; id., Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 63, pi. vii, fig, 6, male; pi. vi, fig. ii, 

 female (1882). 



Habitat : Upper Tenasserim ; Province Wellesley ; Malacca ; Singapore. 



Expanse : <J, 27 ; ? , 2-8 inches. 



Description : " Male. Upperside, forewing purplish brown, with very strong bright 

 blue reflections, which become more fixed and distinct on the apical half, and with five pale 

 blue elongate spots, of which the upper two are longest, and are situated on each side of the 

 lower discoidal nervule ; the remaining three being much smaller, and divided by the median 

 nervules. The bluish reflection does not extend to the outer margin, which is distinctly pur- 

 plish brown. Hindioing purplish brown, with bright bluish reflections, but less intense than 

 on the forewing. Underside castaneous-brown, much mottled with paler strigre, which on 

 \ht forcwi)ig forms a more or less distinct subapical space, widest at the costa, and narrowing 

 downwards beneath the cell ; the space beneath the third median nervule much paler. Hind' 

 w/«^ with the basal portion to a little beyond the apex of the cell dark castaneous, the re- 

 mainder much paler and thickly irrorated with the pale strigce, and with two or three small 

 but distinct dark submarginal spots situated between the median nervules ; a somewhat large 

 pale stramineous* spot, near the costa, placed between the subcostal nervules. Body and legs 

 more or less concolourous with the wings. Female. Upperside, both wings obscure bluish 

 brown in some specimens, or with brighter indigo shadings in other specimens. Fore7ving crossed 

 by a broad subapical white fascia, commencing at the costa, and terminating about the second 



• Strami.nbous, straw coloured {stntminius, made of straw). 



