48 LYCAINIDZE. PITHECOPS. 
The third division I have made in the Indian Zycenide I have called the Zycena 
group. Superficially at any rate it is a well-marked one, and contains a considerable assem- 
blage of genera, none of which (except some specimens of the genus A/egista, Moore, and 
the genus Zycenesthes, Moore) are furnished with a distinct tail to the hindwing. The two last 
genera of the group are certainly aberrant ; they are much more strongly built than any of 
the others, have more robust bodies, thicker wings, and, instead of a slow jerky weak flight, 
are very strong and swift on the wing. These two genera (Lycenesthes and WViphanda, both 
described by Moore); are obviously closely allied, indeed Distant considers them to be one genus, 
but I think it well to keep them distinct, as Zyce@nesthes has three small ciliated tails to the 
hindwing (a unique feature in the Zycenide, as far as I know), which Wiphanda entirely 
lack. The coloration and markings of the two genera also differ considerably. The Zycena 
group is obviously very closely allied to the next, which I call the Polyommatus group, and the 
two together comprise the true ‘‘ Blues.” The genus M/egisba, Moore, of the Zycena group, is 
aberrant, as noted above, as some species, or forms, or individuals, have a single delicate short 
filamentous tail. There is considerable variation in the neuration of the group; ore genus 
having two subcostal nervules to the forewing, and the rest three. In three genera, Pithecops, 
Horsfield, Azanus, Moore, and Ovthomiella, mihi, the first subcostal nervule is entirely anas- 
tomosed with the costal nervure for a part of its length, in Pithecofs not again freeing 
itself, but in Azanus and Orthomiella its apical portion again becomes free and reaches the 
costa. Speaking broadly, the first six genera of the group are blackish on the upperside of 
both wings, the other eight are of some shade of blue or purple in the male, often blackish 
in the female. All the generaof the Zycena group lack secondary sexual characters in 
the male. 
In the first subgroup I place four genera, Pithecops, Horsfield, Neopithecops, Distant, 
Spalgis, Moore, and Zaraka, Doherty MS. Mr. Doherty writes (Journ. A. S. B., vol. lviii, 
pt. 2, p. 1889) that the Zycenine, which comprises my Zycena and Polyommatus groups “are 
distinguished by their decidedly concave eggs, broadest above the middle, the reticulations 
often irregular, and vary greatly on different parts of the surface. Those on the sides 
consist of small white knobs constricted at the base, from which spring either four of six 
elevated lines, forming quadrangles or triangles. In Catapfeci/ma, Butler [I place this genus 
in the Horaga group, owing to its possessing three short tails, the middle one the longest, to 
the hindwing] the spaces are hexagonal, and in Semanga, Distant [a Malayan genus allied to 
Catapecilma] irregular ; I include these genera here with much doubt. The typical Zycena 
group, containing the great majority of the subfamily, have hairy eyes (the hairs few and 
scattered in Castalius, Hiibner, and Zizera, Moore). The Pithecops group consists of naked- 
eyed genera, of which the eggs of Megishba, Moore, and Pithecops, Horsfield, have tetragonal 
spaces, and Meofithecops, Distant, triangular spaces.” As far as the imago goes, I should 
hardly have thought that AZegisba could be morphologically allied to what I call the Pithecops 
subgroup, as in the imago it differs widely in structure, appearance, and habits from the 
genera Pithecops and Neopithecops with which Mr. Doherty associates it. 
Gonus 102.—PITHECOPS, Horsfield. (PLATE XXVI). 
Pithecops, Horsfield, Cat. Lep. E, I. C., p. 66 (1828). 
FOREWING, elongated, narrow ; costa regularly arched throughout, afex rounded, omfer 
margin very convex, inner angle rounded, inner margin slightly sinuous; costal nervure 
short, terminating before the apex of the discoidal cell; first subcostal nervule emitted at 
about the middle of the cell, very short, directed obliquely upwards to the costal nervure, with 
which it is completely anastomosed in its entire length except a short portion of the base ; 
second subcostal long, emitted nearer to the base of the first than to the base of the upper 
discoidal nervule; ¢hivd subcostal very short, emitted from the costal nervure at about 
opposite the apex of the second subcostal ; discoidal cell long, narrow, extending to the middle of 
the wing ; «per disco-cellular nervule wanting, middle and lower disco-cellulars of about equal 
length, concave ; /ower discoidal nervule from the point of junction of the disco-cellulars ; second 
