54 LYCANID. SPALGIS, 
the dry- and wet-seasun forms of V. ca/mora occur, probably a moderate amount of moisture 
being required for their development. I give below the description of these two pseudo- 
species,* 
I am surprised to find that M. za/morahas not been recorded from the Bombay presi- 
dency, though the moist climate of the coast seems to me to be eminently suited to it. Mr, 
W. Doherty obtained it at Jhulaghat, Kali Valley, Kumaon, at 2,000 feet; Mr. W. H. Irvine 
has sent me a very fine series, showing its great variation, and embracing all the forms of the 
species, from Bholahat in the Malda district ; it occurs throughout the year, and in all forms, 
in Calcutta; Mr. W. C. Taylor also has sent me all forms from Orissa; it is common on the 
lower slopes of the Nilgiris, writes Mr. G. F. Hampson, who adds “ XV. za/mora, Butler, and 
XV. todara, Moore, MS., are probably seasonal forms of one species ;” I have it from Cannanore ; 
in Ceylon it occurs in the “ Eastern Province ; in beds of dry rivers in forest land. Takenin 
August on road to Trincomalee in damp places in beds of streams in abundance” (Atchison) ; 
“ Kandy ” (Wade) ; it occurs also in Sikkim and Assam, probably throughout Burma, in the 
Andaman Isles, and at Singapore. It has a weak fluttering flight, and in Calcutta is almost 
always found under the shade of trees and bushes, on which it settles, and not on the ground. 
The figure shews both sides of a female specimen of the dry-season form from Calcutta. 
This specimen is Mr. Moore’s type of ‘* Parapithecops” gaura, and is deposited in the collection 
of the Indian Museum, Calcutta. 
The next two genera are remarkable in having extremely short antennze, a little more than 
one-third the length of the costal margin of the forewing; the third subcostal nervule is 
also unusually long. Sfa/gis, Moore, occurs in India, Ceylon, the Andamans, Nias Island, 
Amboina, Celebes, and in the isle of Hainan. Zavaka, Doherty, MS., occurs in North-Eastern 
India, Burma, the Malay Peninsula, and probably in some at any rate of the Malay Islands, 
and again in China and Japan. (Since the above was written, Mr. Doherty has recorded it 
from Eastern Java.) Neither genus possesses secondary sexual characters in the male. 
Genus 104.—SPALGIS, Moore. (PLaTE XXVI). 
Spalgis, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1879, p. 137 ; idem, id., Lep. Cey., vol. i, p. 70 (1881); Lucia 
(fart), Westwood, Gen. Diurn. Lep., vol. ii, p. 501 (1852). 
“* Allied to Gerydius [= Gerydus], type symethus, Horsfield. MALE, with the FOREWING 
more trigonal, the cos¢a straighter, the ¢hird subcostal nervule bifid, the 77% [upper discoidal] 
starting from the end of the cell. HINDWING also more trigonal in the male, the exterior margin 
even in both sexes. Avtenne short, club thickish.” (JZoore, 1. c. in Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.) 
“© WINGS small, exterior margins even. MALE. FOREWING, triangular, costa scarcely 
arched at the base, afer somewhat acute, erlerior margin oblique, almost straight, posterior 
margin rather long ; costal nervure at some distance from the margin, extending to half its 
* Neopithecops (Pithecops) zalmora, Butler, Cat. Fab. Lep. B. M., p. 161 (1869); MNeopithecops zalmora, 
de Nicéville, Journ. A. S. B., vol. liv, pt. 2, p. 46, n. 58 (1885). Hasirar: Not given. Expanse: Not given. 
DeEscrieTION: ‘More robust than Pithecops nylax, Fabricius, marked above with white, and with more 
brown lines below.” (Bxtler, |.c.) : 
‘This species has never been properly characterized, and I am unable to say in what particulars it is 
supposed to differ from NM. gaura, Moore. At any rate the species of Neofithecofs occurring in Calcutta are 
exceedingly variable, some specimens are entirely black on the upperside, | others have the costal and outer 
margins of the fore- and hindwings black, all the rest of the surface white, and there is every gradation 
between these extremes. Mr. Moore writes to me:—‘. gauva can be distinguished by its broad white 
discal area in both wings of both sexes. JV. zadmora has a small discal white patch on the forewing only. I 
have both from the Calcutta district.’’’ (de Nicéville, |.c.) 
Neopithecops (Pithecops) dharma, Moore, Lep. Cey., p. 72, pl. xxxiv, fig. 4, made (1881). Hapirar: Ceylon. 
ExpansE: Male, ‘75; female, roo inch. Description: ‘* MALE: UpprrsibE, d0¢i wings vinous-brown. Fore- 
wing with the middle of the discal area slightly white-speckled, costal edge white-streaked. Hindwing with 
the outer upper area broadly white; a marginal row of brown oval spots, each encircled by a white border. 
Cilia white. UNvERsIDg&, Joth wings bluish-white. Forewing with brown streaks on the edge of the costa, 
a brown curved streak at the end of the cell, an outer discal transverse curved row of six short waved 
streaks, and a marginal row of narrow spots, bordered within by a slender line, and outwardly by the 
marginal line. AWindwing with three transverse subbasal black spots, another on the middle of the abdomi- 
nal margin, and a larger one on the costal margin near the apex; a_ brown disco-cellular streak, a discal 
zigzag series of six narrow brown streaks, anda marginal row of small blackish spots bordered inwardly 
by a narrow brown line and outwardly by the marginal line. Body brown, white beneath. Palsi black 
above. Legs with black bands. Antenne black, with white annulations. FEMALE, Upprrsipg, doth wings 
more intense brown, the discal white-speckled patch on the forewing more distinct. Yindwing entirely brown, 
Unpversipr, Joth wings with the marki ngs more prominent than in the male.” (J7oove, |. c.) 
