58 LYCANIDA. TARAKA. 
oblique disco-cellular nervules. From Sfa/gis it differs in the antennz, which are much as in 
the Pithecops group, slender, annulated, with a short distinct terminal club, while Sfa/gis has 
short thick antennze, gradually thickened. The prehensores’of Zaraka are wholly Lyczni- 
form. The egg is remarkable, and bears a decided resemblance to those of the Gerydine, with 
which Mr. Druce first placed it. The apex is flattened, a little concave, irregularly reticulate, 
with a strong crenulated carina projecting both upwards and outwards around the margin. Seen 
from the side, it is irregularly quadrate, a little widest at base, the sides smooth. The egg 
obviously shows a relationship with that of Ziphyra, Westwood, and the older and more 
generalized forms of the Gerydine included in the genus Zogania, Distant.” 
‘*T have made a careful description of 7. mahanetra, mihi, a very rare Malayan species 
somewhat resembling Castalius ena, Hewitson, in colouring. I caught but a single pair of this 
species, and both I believe are now lost. Generally, they agreed with 7. Zamada in structure, 
but the fore-foot of the female (as well as that of the male) was imperfect, and the joints of 
the tarsi immovable. As it is just possible that this peculiarity may have been due to 
gynandromorphism, I merely mention it, and reserve amada as the type of the genus. The 
egg of 7. mahanetra I unluckily do not know.” (Doherty, Journ. A. S.B., vol. lviii, part 2, 
p- (1889). 
644. Taraka hamada, Druce. (PLATE XXVI, Fic. 164 2). 
Miletus hamada, Druce, Cist. Ent., vol. i, p. 361(1875);id., Elwes, Proc. Zool. Soc, Lond., 1881, 
p. 882; id,, de Nicéville, Journ. A. S. B., vol. lii, pt. 2, p. 76, n. 15, pl. i, fig. 16, female (1883) ; id., Doherty, 
Journ. A. S. B., vol. lv, pt. 2, p. 132 (1886); id., Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1887, p. 409, n. 27; id., Pryer, 
Rhop. Nihonica, p. 10, n. 24, pl. ii, fig. 12, femeale (1886); Neopithecops hamada, Elwes, Trans. Ent. Soc. 
Lond., 1888, p. 374, n. 237, pl. xi, fig. 2, female. 
Hasirat: Sikkim, Cachar, Shillong, Chittagong Hill Tracts, Tenasserim, Eastern Java, 
China, Japan. 
EXPANSE: 8 $, ‘75 to 1°35 inches. 
DESCRIPTION: “ MALE. Uppersipr, doth wings dark brown, lightest in the middle of 
the forewing. UNDERSIDE, doth wings white, crossed from the costal margin of the forewing 
to the inner margin of the hindwing by five rows of large black spots, a fine black line round 
the outer margin. Ci/ia alternately black and white. FEMALE. UPPERSIDE, d0/h wings differ 
slightly from those of the male in being paler in colour. UNDERSIDE, oth wings have all 
the black spots smaller than in the male.” 
“ This species is quite unlike any other with which I am acquainted.” (Drwce, 1. c.) 
“ A distinct species, unlike anything I have seen from China or Japan, but nearly allied 
toa specimen in my collection from Darjiling, which differs in having an indistinct whitish patch 
on the forewing, which may be sexual. I have seen a specimen from Shanghai collected by 
Christoph, which comes very close to, if it is not identical with, those from Sikkim in Dr. 
Staudinger’s collection. There isa single specimen in Pryer’s collection, without indication 
of locality, which differs considerably from 42 [=7.] Hamada beneath, but agrees with it 
above.” (Ziwes, 1. c. in Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond, 1881.) 
“ 7, hamada, Druce, is very unlike any other member of this group [subfamily Gerydine, 
Doherty], if indeed it belongs to it at all. From the structure of the prehensores I should rather 
place it among the Zycenine, The legs are short and thick, the wings broad and rounded, 
the third subcostal nervule originates before the end of the cell. I did not succeed in examining 
its egg.” (Doherty, 1,c) Mr, Doherty’s third subcostal nervule referred to above is my upper 
discoidal. 
‘“T found this species common all up the west coast of Central Japan ; it also occurs at 
Nikko. It seems fond of water, and flew about amongst the thick bamboo-grass on the banks 
of streams in July and August.” (Leech, |. c.) 
«* About Yokohama this is generally a very local species, being confined to isolated spots. 
Some specimens are quite black, and others from the mountains have a patch of greyish- 
white on the forewing.” (Pryer, 1. ¢.) 
