74 LYCAENESDAE LYCANA. 
Moore makes a point of the black spot in the cell of the forewing on the underside being 
situated inward of the end of the lower median nervule ; in the specimen he has named for me 
this is not the case; it is placed distinctly exterior to the base of the first median nervule. The 
presence of this spot is of no importance, however, in Z. ariana, Moore, L. stoliczkana, Felder, 
and other species, as it seems to be as often absent altogether as present. 
652. Lycwna fugitiva, Butler. 
L. fugitiva, Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc, Lond., 1881, p. 606, n. 21; idem, id., Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist., 
fifth series, vol. ix, p. 207, n. 8 (1882) ; id., Swinhoe, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1885, p. 340, n. 19. 
HABITAT: Quetta, North Biluchistan, March, April, and May, 
EXPANSE: I:2 inches. 
DESCRIPTION: ‘‘ Intermediate in character between Z. Zersica, Butler, and L. zephyrus, 
Frivaldsky, [the latter found in the mountains of Greece, Turkey, Asia Minor and Armenia, 
according to Dr. Lang] but nearer to the latter. UPPERSIDE of the MALE bright lilacine blue, 
with a black marginal line; c#/éa with the basal half grey, the external half white ; of the 
FEMALE smoky brown, more or less washed with blue towards the base, a submarginal series of 
small lunate orange spots, outer border broadly blackish. Cz/éa as in the male. UNDERSIDE of 
both wings whity-brown, greyer and paler in the male than in the female; the black spots 
arranged exactly as in Z. zephyrus, but all smaller and with less conspicuously white zones ; 
the double series of submarginal spots on the forewing grey and without connecting orange spots 
in the male, paler in the female ; submarginal spots on the Aimdwing less distinctly black, the 
orange spots paler, not relieved by a pure white border as in Z. zephyrus ; base of the hindwing 
rather more broadly washed with bluish-green.”” (Azd/er, 1. c. in Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.) 
“A female taken at Quetta in May, 1881. It is larger thana female previously received, 
and more brightly coloured, but agrees in its markings.” (Butler, 1. c. in Ann. and Mag. of 
Nat. Hist.) 
I possess a male specimen named Z. fugitiva, Butler, by Mr. Moore, taken at Quetta, 
where it appears to be a common species and occurs from early spring to midsummer. I also 
possess others taken in October in the Hanna Valley at 6,500 feet elevation. In Colonel 
Swinhoe’s collection is a considerable series of males of this species from Quetta and one from 
Chaman. He records it from ““Chaman, May; Gwal, May ; Sheerog, June ; Quetta, March to 
May. Very common.” He records Z. fersica from Quetta from April to June, and in August 
and September, and from Kasian and the Lora Valley in June, These specimens of LZ. /ugitiva 
appear to differ only from the next species, Z. fersica, Butler, in having apparently longer 
ciliaand a more prominent black anteciliary line ; the markings in Z. fersica below are 
perhaps smaller and the ground-colour paler than in Z. fugitiva. I think that the dry and 
bare mountainous regions of Biluchistan and South Afghanistan possess a distinct 
specialized form of their own of Z. icarus (= L. alexis), distinguished by a much paler, 
greyer tint below than the more warmly tinted typical form prevailing in Europe, and 
by the markings below being much smaller and less distinct. It must be remembered, 
however, that Z. zcarus occurs all over Persia and Turkestan, and I have not seen specimens 
from these countries, and that they are probably intermediate between European Z. zcarus and 
L, fugitiva. The two forms, Z. /ugitiva and L. persica, are extremely closely allied, and if 
they are really separable may be seasonal broods of one species or of one variety of Z. icarus. 
As however they have been accepted as distinct species by such eminent entomologists as 
Messrs. Moore and Butler and by Colonel Swinhoe, they have been included, with specifig 
rank, in this work. The reader, with the descriptions before him, will judge for himself as to 
whether he can distribute his specimens, should he have any, into two distinct species. 
653. Lycana persica, Butler. 
Lycenaicarus, var. persica, Bienert, Lep. Ergebn., p. 29 (1870); L. fersica, Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. 
Lond., 1880, p. 407, n. 113 idem, id., Ann, and Mag. of Nat, Hist., fifth series, vol. ix, p. 207, n.g (1882) 
id., Swinhoe, Trans. Ent Soc. Lond., 1885, p. 340, n. 15. 
HapsiratT : Kandahar, Biluchistan, Persia, 
