‘LYCAINIDE. LYCANA, 83 
July and August in Tehri Gurhwal. A description of Z. xycu/a with my remarks on it is 
given below. * 
666. Lycwena motallica, Felder. 
L. metallica (female only), Felder, Reise Novara, Lep., vol. ii, p. 283, n. 361, pl. xxxv, fig. 9, male (nec 
figs. 7 and 8), (1865); id., Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1882, p. 247. 
HABitTaT: Lahoul, Ladak. 
EXPANSE: ¢@, 9, 1°2 inches. 
DESCRIPTION : MALE (vec female). ‘‘ UPPERSIDE, doth wings hoary-fuscous. Forewing 
with the basal two-thirds, A7ndwing with the interior area metallic bluish. UNDERSIDE, 
Jorewing more palely hoary-brownish, near the base above the costal nervure bluish-greenish, 
a narrow disco-cellular spot, and seven others exterior rounded in a bent series blackish-fuscous 
circled with whitish. /7inzdwing green palely bronzed, with the veins outwardly, and the 
margin narrowly within the anteciliar line hoary-brownish, the disco-cellular litura and small 
dots beyond it in an angulated series whitish, badly defined.” 
“This beautiful insect is most closely allied to Z. cy//arus, Fabricius.” (Felder, 1. c.) 
The above description exactly applies to the males of a species of Zycena of which large 
series have been taken in Lahoul and Ladak, and of which the female is brown above, and the 
underside resembles that of the male. As these insects have not been described under 
any other name, it will be both right and convenient to retain for them the name metallica 
given by Dr. Felder to the male shewn in his figure 9 under the misapprehension that it 
was the female of an entirely distinct insect, which he also named metal/ica, but which is 
distinct from his other mefa//ica, and which if it be not Z. ga/athea, Blanchard, has not appa- 
rently been since taken or recorded. It may be accepted as an invariable rule that in this 
and allied groups the females on the underside resemble the males almost exactly ; but in this 
case the assumed male of Felder’s supposed female metallica differs considerably on the under- 
side from the insect mated with it, The above description may therefore stand for metallica 
male: while the FEMALE is smoky-black on the UPPERSIDE of doth wings, the base irrorated 
more or less with blue scales ; no orange markings whatever ; the UNDERSIDE of doth wings 
as in the male. 
I append as a footnotet below Felder’s description of the male shewn in the figs. 7 and 8 
of his plate xxxv. It may apply to males of the zycz/a form of ZL. galathea, Blanchard In 
* Lycena nycula, Moore. Polyommatus nycula, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1865, p. 503, N. ror, 
pl. xxxi, fig. 3, made. Hasirar: Kunawur, Kashmir, Narkunda. Expanse: Made, 1°25 inches (Joo @), 
actual measurement of type specimen, 1°43 made, 1°25 to 1°60; female, 1°3 to 1°6 inches. Description : Mate, 
“ UppErsIDE, both wings dark lilac-blue, cz/ia and inner margin of hindwing whitish. UNbEksIDE, forewing 
pale purplish cream-colour, bluish-grey along exterior margin; a spot closing the discoidal cell, and a 
linear series of fiye spots medially across the disc, white. Aixdwing metallic bluish-grey. Body white," 
Moore, \. c.) ‘ 
: “* This species is not common. It frequents the beautiful flower-carpeted pasture-lands on mountain-sides 
in Kunawar, at 11,000 to 12,000 feet—those smiling ‘alps’ where the villagers drive their herds when the early 
summer has set in, and the melting snow leaves this gay carpet of flowers on spots which for many months had 
remained hidden beneath a thick snowy mantle.’’ (Note dy Colonel A. M. Lang, R.E.) 
The type of this species, a male, labelled by Colonel Lang himself ‘‘ Kunawar, N,-W. Himalayas,” and by 
Mr. Moore “ Polyommatus nycula, male (type), Moore,” is in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. It differs from 
typical Z. galathea, Blanchard, in having all the spots of the forewing on the underside white. There is a 
similar specimen taken by Mr. A, Grahame Young at 9,000 feet in September also in the Museum. In Colonel 
Lang’s collection there are four males and three females taken by him in ‘‘ Middle Kunawar (Kazhang 
Valley, 12,000 feet, 10th July, 1865; Wungur Valley, 11,000 feet’’); one male and one female ‘ Upper 
Kunawar (below Runang pass, 13,000 feet)’; and three males ‘* Narkunda, near Simla, 9,000 feet.” These 
specimens show great variation; in some of them the white spots on the underside of the forewing are 
immaculate, others are slightly marked with black in the middle, others again are black spots with white outer 
rings, in fact, are L. galathea. In my opinion the two species cannot be separated; there is every gradation 
between them, The female is exactly like that sex of ZL. galaihea; all the four specimens in Colonel Lang’s 
collection have the white spots above-mentioned centred with black. Every variation occurs also in the specimens 
from Tehri Gurhwal. 
+t Lycena—(male only), Felder, Reise Novara, Lep., vol. ii, p. 283, n. 361, pl. xxxv, figs. 7, 8, sale (186s). 
Hasirar : Ladak. Expanse: Made, 1°3 inches. DESCRIPTION : ‘Mave. Uppersinr, oth wings dilute violaceous- 
cyaneous, a whitish striga before the cilia, outwardly powdered with fuscous. Forewing with the tips of the 
veins and the margin increasingly hindward, Aindwing with the costal border and the external margin 
fuscous. UNDERSIDE. Forewing very pale hoary-brownish, at the base and at the apex, the hindwing entirely 
metallic bluish-greenish. Forewing with a rounded spot, himdwing with a litura on the disco-cellulars and 
a bent fascia of rounded spots beyond the disc whitish, broader in the forewing. and in the hindwing joined 
to a fuscous shadow.” (Feder, |. c.) It may be noted that in the text Dr, Felder does not refer at all to his 
fig. 9, which I have taken as typical of the species. 
