90 LYCANID/A:. CHILADES. 
marginal spots from anal angle. UNDERSIDE, otk wings grey. Forewing with a brown white- 
bordered spot closing the cell, a transverse row of blackish white-bordered discal spots, 
and a double row of marginal white-bordered lunules. Aindwing with three [four] transverse 
subbasal jet-black white-bordered round spots, and a fourth [fifth spot] on the middle of the 
costa ; a pale brown streak closing the cell, a discal series of dark brown spots, a submarginal 
row of brown lunules, and a marginal series of blackish triangular spots, alt bordered with 
white. /a/fi and legs above black, beneath white. FEMALE. UPppeErsiDe, both wings brown. 
Forewing with a lower basal blue patch, and a narrow black spot closing the cell. Hindwing 
with the black white-bordered marginal spots more defined,” a basal blue patch, UNDERSIDE, 
both wings asin the male. (C. varunana, Moore, 1. c. in Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1865). 
Dry-season form. 
DESCRIPTION: MALE. UPPERSIDE, do0fh wings as in the male of the wet-season form. 
UNDERSIDE, doth wings as in the wet-season form, but the A7zdwing with the anal third bearing 
a blackish nebulous patch. FEMALE. ‘‘UPPERSIDE, Joth wings bright purple-olive. Fore- 
wing pale brown on apical and exterior margins. [//indwing with} a row of small rounded 
darker brown marginal spots. UNDERSIDE, doth wings white, at the base greyish-white. 
Forewing with a dark brown white-bordered spot closing the cell, and a transverse discal 
series beyond, two marginal rows of dusky Iunules. Aindwing with a large dark brown patch 
on the lower exterior quarter of the wing, a marginal and an irregular discal series of 
dark brown white-bordered spots, those crossing the brown patch bordered with darker 
brown, a double row of marginal dusky lunules.” (C. £andura, Moore, 1. c. in Proc. Zool. 
Soc. Lond., 1865). 
LarVA pale green at all stages, of the shade of the young leaves of the lime and pomolo 
bushes on which it feeds. When full-grown it is about 7% of an inch in length, onisciform 
as usual, the head black, smooth, and shining, with a somewhat dark green dorsal line 
down the body, the whole surface but very slightly shagreened, and covered with extremely 
fine and short downy hairs. The constrictions between the segments slight. There are 
traces of two pale subdorsal lines, and there is a pale lateral line below the spiracles. The 
usual extensile organs on the twelfth segment short. This larva has no distinctive mark- 
ings by which it can be easily recognised; it is altogether a very plainly-coloured and 
marked insect. I have found it commonly in Calcutta during the rains, the ant which 
attends it betraying its presence. The latter has been identified by Dr. A. Forel as 
“‘ Camponotus rubripes, Drury (sylvaticus, Fabricius), subspecies compressus, Fabricius.” 
Pupa green, of the usual Lycenid shape, with a dorsal and Jaterat series of somewhat 
obscure conjoined brownish spots on the upperside. Attached to the underside of the leaves 
of its food-plant in the usual manner, Mr. Moore has figured an entirly different larva, as the 
larva of this species. 
No author except Mr. W. Doherty has placed the two very distinct forms which occur 
in the rains and dry-season respectively under one specific name. Should it be desired to 
separate them, /aiws (/ajus), Cramer, cays, Fabricius and Godart, kandura, Moore, and 
brahmina, Felder, represent the dry-season form, with the large black patch on the underside 
of the hindwing in both sexes; while varunana, Moore, represents the rainy-season form 
which lacks the black patch. Though these extremes are well-marked, I find that every 
gradation exists between them in the long series of specimens now before me. In every 
way the species is very variable ; not only is the black patch both present and absent, but the 
other markings are sometimes very prominent, at others very obscure. The female on the 
upperside is sometimes almost entirely fuscous, just sprinkled with blue scales at the base of 
the wings, sometimes with almost as much blue as in the male, but of a more metallic sheen. 
Colonel Swinhoe records this species from Quetta. I have seen the specimen, which, 
though very worn, is unquestionably C, /aiws. Quetta is, I think, a rather doubtful locality for 
it. It occurs, however, in the North-West Provinces and eastwards through Bengal to Up- 
per Assam and Burma ; it is found throughout continental and peninsular India and Ceylon ; 
it has not been recorded hitherto from the Andaman and Nicobar Isles, or the Malay Penin- 
